CONTENTS. xi 



CHAPTER XXIV. 



THE TCHCKTCIII. 



The Land of the Tchuktchi.— Their independent Spirit and commercial Enterprise.— Perpetual Migra. 

 tions. — The Fair of Ostrownoje. —Visit in a Tchuktch Polog. — Races. — Tchuktch Bayaderes.— 

 The Teunvgk, or Reindeer Tchuktchi. —The Onkilon, or Sedentary Tchuktchi. — Their ISIode of 

 Life ". Page 262 



CHAPTER XXV. 



BERING SEA — THE RUSSIAN FUR COMPANY — ^THE ALEUTS. 



Bering Sea. —Unalaska. — The Pribilow Islands. — St. Matthew.— St. Laurence.- Bering's Straits.— The 

 Russian Fur Company. — Tlie Aleuts. — Their Character. — 'I'lieir Skill and Intrepidity in hunting the 

 Sea-otter.— The Sea-bear.— Whale-chasing.— Walrus-slaughter.— The Sea-lion 268 



CHAPTER XXVL 



ALASKA. 



Purchase of Alaska by the United States.— The Russian American Telegraph Sclieme.— Whymper's 

 Trip up the Yukon.— Dogs. — The Start.— Extempore Water-filter.— Snow-shoes. — The Frozen Yu- 

 kon.— Under-ground Houses. — Life at Nulato.— Cold Weather.— Auroras.— Approach of Summer. 

 — Breaking-up of the Ice.— Fort Yukon. — Furs. — Descent of the Yukon. — Value of Goods.— Arctic 

 and Tropical Life.— Moose-hunting.— Deer-corrals.— Lip Ornaments.— Canoes.— Four-post Coffin. 

 — The Kenaian Indians. — The Aleuts. — Value of Alaska 277 



CHAPTER XXVII, 



THE ESQUIMAUX. 



Their wide Extension. — Climate of the Regions they inhabit.— Their phj'sical Appearance.— Their 

 Dress. — Snow Huts. — The Kayak, or tlie B.iidar — Hunting Apparatus and Weapons. — Einnity be- 

 tween the Esquimaux and the Red Indian. — The " Bloody Falls." — Chase of tlie Reindeer. — Bird- 

 catching. — Whale-hunting. — Various Stratagems employed ro catch the Seal. — The " Keeii-kuttuk." 

 — Bear-hunting. — Walrus-hunting. — Awaklok and ^lyouk. — The Esquimaux Dog. — Games and 

 Sports. — Angekoks. — Moral Character, — Self-reliance. — Intelligence. — Iligliuk. — Commercial Ea- 

 gerness of the Esquimaux. — Their Voracity. — Seasons of Distress 290 



CHAPTER XXVIIL 



THE FUR-TRADE OF THE HUDSON'S BAY TERRITORIES. 



The Coureur des Bois. — The Voyageur. — The Birch-bark Canoe. — The Canadian Fur-trade in the last 

 Century. — The Hudson's Bay Company. — Bloody Feuds between the North-west Company of Can- 

 ada and the Hudson's Baj' Compam'. — Their Amalgamation into a new Company in 1821. — Recon- 

 struction of the Hudson's Bay Company in 1863. — Forts or Houses. — The Attihawmeg. — Influence 

 of the Company on its savage Dependents. — The Black Bear, or Baribal. — The Brown Bear. — The 

 Grizzly Bear. — The Riccoon. — The American Glutton. — The Pine Marten. — The Pekan, or 

 Wood-shock.— The Chinga. — The Mink. — The Canadian Fish-otter. —The Crossed Fox.— The 

 Black or Silvery Fox. — The Canadian Lj'nx, or Pishu. — The Ice-hare. — The Beaver. — The 

 Musquash SOi 



CHAPTER XXIX. 



THE CREE INDIANS, OR EYTHINYUWUK. 



The various Tribes of the Crees. — Their Conquests and subsequent Defeat. — Their Wars with the Black- 

 feet. — Their Character. — Tattooing. — Their Dress. — Fondnessfor their Children. — The Cree Cradle. — 

 Vapor Baths. — Games. — Their religious Ideas. — The Cree Tartarus and Elysium 319 



CHAPTER XXX. 



THE TINNE INDIANS. 



The various Tribes of the Tinne Indians.— The Dog-rib?.— Clothing.— The Hare Indians.— Degradnd 

 State of the Women.— Practical Socialists.— Character.— Cruelty to the Aged and Infirm 327 



