CRUISE OF STEAMER CORWI^ST IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN. 



39 



tioned, instead of forming a triangle they may, like the asymptotes of a parabola, be extended to 

 infinity and never meet: 



For purposes of comparison a number of orthographic outlines, showing the contour of civil- 

 ized crania from a vertical point of observation, are herewith annexed. No. 1 is that of an eminent 

 mathematician who committed suicide; No. 2, a prominent politician dui'ing the civil war; No. 3, 

 a banker ; and No. 4, a notorious assassin. Nos. 5 and 6 are negro skulls. Further comparison 

 may be made with the Jewish skull, as represented in No. 7, in which the nasal bones project so 

 far beyond the general contour as to form a bird-like appendage: 



A collection of Aleutian heads, as seen from a vertical point of observation, when I looked 

 down from the gallery of the little Greek church at Ounalaska, presented at first sight certain 

 collective characters by which they approach one another. But anatomists know that a careful 

 comparison of any collection will show extremely salient ditterences. In fact, individual differ- 

 ences, so numerous and so irregular as to prevent methodical enumeration, constitute the stumbling- 

 block of ethnic craniology. Take, for instance, a number of the skulls under consideration : in 

 proportions they will be found to present very considerable variations among themselves. The 

 skulls figured by A and B are respectively brachycephalic and dolich()(!ei)halic. The former has 

 an internal capacity of 1,400, the latter 1,214 cubic centimeters ; bnt the facial angle of each is 80°, 

 and in one Eskimo cranium it runs up to 84°. If the facial angle be trustworthy, as a measure of 

 the degree of intelligence, we have shown here a development far hi excess of the negro, which is 

 placed at 70°, or of the Mongolian at 75°, and exceeding that observed by me in many German 



