Cumulative effects model , a model that evaluates the cumulative effects of human activities on grizzly 

 bears and their habitat; cumulative effects result from individually minor yet collectively significant uses 

 occurring over space and time. 



Depredation : damage to any property including agricultural products. 



Habitat effectiveness : reflects an area's actual ability to support bears i.e. it is the value of a landscape to 

 bears in the presence of human activities. 



Food conditioned : a bear that has received a significant reward of non-natural foods such as garbage, 

 camp food, pet food, grain, corn, or processed livestock food and persistently seeks those foods. 



Habituated : when a bear does not display avoidance behavior around humans or in human use areas 

 such as camps, residential areas, or along roads. 



Lethal control : management actions that result in the death of a grizzly bear. 



Natural aggression : defense of young, food, during a surprise encounter, or self-defense. 



Non-lethal control : a variety of management activities intended to avert or resolve a conflict situation 

 without killing the grizzly bear in question. 



Primary conservation area : area that contains the minimum seasonal habitat components needed to 

 support a recovered grizzly bear population. Should a population recover, a PCA for this population 

 would be delineated that may differ to the original recovery zone, pending further analysis. 



Relocation : the capture and movement of a bear involved in a conflict with humans or their property by 

 management authorities to a remote area away from the conflict site. 



Repeat offense : the involvement of a bear that has been previously relocated in a conflict situation or 

 continues to repeat a behavior that constituted a human/bear conflict. 



Removal : the capture and placement of a bear in an authorized public zoological or research facility or 

 destruction of the bear. Removal can also involve killing the bear through active measures in the wild 

 when it is not otherwise possible to capture the bear. 



Sustainable off-take : maintenance of the bear population at a level where the number of deaths does not 

 exceed the sustainable mortality level. 



Unacceptable aggression : grizzly bear behavior that includes human injury or death when unprovoked 

 by surprise, food, etc., approaching humans or human use areas, such as camps, in an aggressive way, or 

 aggressive behavior when the bear is also unprovoked by self-defense, defense of cubs, defense of foods, 

 or in a surprise encounter. 



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