1893.] ESSAYS. 99 



Carya amara: Bitter-nut. — Very rapid growing on moist soils, 

 even where the soil is thin ; very ornamental, either in groups or 

 single. 



Castanea vulgaris var. Americana : American Chestnut. — Does 

 well on any soil that is well drained, either for timber plantations, 

 parks, or roadside use. 



Castanea pxi.mila : Chinquapin, or Sweet Nut. — A medium-sized 

 shrub here ; fine as an undergrowth or on the edges of plantations, 

 furnishing good food for game and also good for man. 



Cataljia speciosa. — Highly prized in the West on account of its 

 rapid growth, and its durability ; fine also as an ornamental tree. 



Farjus ferruginea : American Beech. — A fine tree for grouping in 

 parks or pleasure grounds, and does well in a thin soil when once 

 established ; good for fuel. 



Fagus sylvatica : English Beech. — Not so spreading as its Ameri- 

 can cousin, but nevertheless a good tree for ornament. 



Gleditscliia triacanthos : Three-thorned Acacia. — Rapid growing 

 on any ordinary land ; of fine foliage ; good for ornamental planting 

 or hedges. 



Jiiglans cinerea : Butternut. — A rapid growing tree in good soil, 

 valuable as timber and for ornamental planting ; nuts edible. 



Juglans nigra : Black Walnut. — A first class tree for ornamental 

 and useful work ; requires to be planted in good loam while small. 



Magnolia acuminata : Cucumber Tree. — A fine tree for lawns or 

 parks ; neat in its appearance ; it needs a deep sandy loam to do well. 



Platanus occidentalis: Button Ball Tree. — A fine ornamental tree ; 

 thrives fairly on medium land, but requires good treatment to make 

 it grow to a large tree. 



Populus alba: Abele, or Silver-Leaved Poplar. — A rapid growing 

 tree ; used in Great Britain for floors ; is easily scoured to pure white- 

 ness, does not take fire as readily as other woods, and burns very 

 slowly ; is also good for paper pulp. 



Populus canescens. Gray Poplar, P. nigra, Black Poplar. — The 

 wood of Pojndus nigra, is much use abroad for packing cases, espec- 

 ially for bottled wines ; the knotty trunks, which are curiously mot- 

 tled, are made into ladies' work-boxes, which are highly valued in 

 Germany and France. 



Cladrastis tinctoria : Virgilia, or Yellow-wood. — A beautiful tree 

 for ornamental plantations, of fine spreading habit, and beautiful in 

 bloom. 



