224 GARDENING. 



ail the varieties adapt themselves equally well to it. 

 Cuttings of the pippin, of the rennet, of the pear- 

 main, and of some other tribes, do not succeed with 

 the same facility as those of the codlin races ; and 

 between these there is some difference. The vari- 

 eties known by the name of the White, the Keswic, 

 the Burknot, and the Carlisle, are best fitted for it, as 

 they produce roots sooner and in greater abundance 

 than the others. 



Whatever variety we employ, care must be taken 

 in selecting the cuttings. Shoots growing on top 

 branches are not so good as side shoots ; and, other 

 things being equal, the nearer these can be got to 

 the ground, the better they are, having in them more 

 of the living principle. Another rule is to choose 

 those having an oblique or horizontal direction, rath- 

 er than such as grow perpendicularly. A cutting of 

 eight or ten inches will be sufficiently long ; but, as 

 the power of putting forth roots is found to reside 

 principally in the joints, and as these are formed of 

 woods of different ages, we must remember to give 

 to the cuttings a portion of both : and hence the rule, 

 " to leave to one of six or eight inches of the wood 

 of the present year, an inch or half an inch of that 

 of the last year." 



The time for planting is that of the full flow of 

 the juices, as it is then that, being most strongly 

 determined downward, they will soonest form that 

 callus or ring which is destined to become the ba- 

 sis of the future roots. Nor is the manner of plant- 

 ing them a matter of indifference. When your holes 

 are ready, put into the bottom of each some hard 

 substance (pieces of crockery are the best), and so 

 set your plants that they shall rest on these, and 

 not on the earth ;* after which, fill up what is left of 



tings cannot be depended on for propagating the apple by any 

 mode which has been tried in our climate. J. B. 



* "The Orange and Ceretonia, &c., if inserted in a mere 

 mass of earth, will hardly, if at all, throw out roots ; while, if 



