The Hawthorns 



sharply serrate; dark green, often red when opening, leathery, 

 lustrous in late summer; petioles short, red, stout. Flowers, 

 May, f inch across, in compound, velvety corymbs; stamens lo, 

 anthers yellow. Fruits, September, falling before winter, in erect 

 clusters, globular, pea size, hairy at tips, till ripe, then lustrous, 

 crimson; flesh dry; nutlets 2 to 3, ridged on back, with irregular 

 depressions on face. Preferred habitat, rich, uplands; limestone 

 soil. Distribution, from Montreal region through New England 

 south to eastern Pennsylvania; westward to northern Illinois 

 and southern Wisconsin. Uses: For ornamental planting. 



Its many very long thorns make this a strikingly ornamental 

 tree. The leaves are handsome, and the fruits though small are 

 blood red and conspicuous. 



XVIII. DoUGLASIAN/ 



Black Haw (C. Douglasii, Lindl.) Round-headed tree, 

 30 to 40 feet high, or many-stemmed shrub, with slender, stiff 

 twigs. Thorns stout, acute, f to i inch long, red, becoming 

 grey. Bark red-brown in oblong, scaly plates. PVood hard, tough, 

 heavy, rose coloured, with satiny grain. Buds blunt, | inch long, 

 scaly, shining, brown. Leaves obovate to oblong-ovate, acute, 

 finely serrate, on irregular incised lobes; occasionally with two 

 deep sinuses nearly cutting the blade in two; base tapering to 

 short, stout petiole; smooth, dark green, leathery, paler beneath; 

 I to 4 inches long. Flowers, May, 3 to ^ inch across, in leafy 

 cymes; stamens 20, anthers pale, small; styles 2 to 5, short. 

 Fruits black, ripe in August to September, soon falling, globose 

 or oblong, in many-fruited clusters, lustrous, ^ inch long; flesh 

 thin, sweet; nutlets slightly grooved on back and front. Pre- 

 ferred habitat, moist soil of coast and stream borders. Distribution, 

 coast of Puget Sound, Oregon, and California; east on mountains 

 to Montana and Idaho, and south to G)lorado and New Mexico. 

 Occurs also in the upper peninsula of Michigan. 



This black-fruited thorn tree of the West has been successfully 

 introduced into cultivation in the Eastern States, and proves 

 hardy along the Atlantic seaboard to Nova Scotia. It is well 

 worth cultivating wherever it will grow. 



The English Hawthorn (C. Oxyacantha, Linn.) is the best 

 known Crataegus in the world, f grows wild in Asia and Europe, 



