Wooden Paper 



demand. No longer the liber, merely, but the whole bulk of the 

 wood substance is used. 



The first manufacturers of paper from wood pulp were the 

 white-faced hornets, whose grey nests are sedulously let alone 

 by the sophisticated roamer of the woods in summer, and often 

 ignorantly, in winter, too, though the citadel is empty and might 

 be taken. The wavy lines of shaded colour, each about an inch 

 long and one-eighth of an inch wide, are mouthfuls of wood 

 fibre gathered from the surface of unpainted posts or rails, or 

 dead limbs weatherworn but not decayed. Chewed into a ball 

 by the tireless wasp, this pulp is skilfully spread and attached 

 to the thin edge of the wall that is building. It dries into tough 

 paper, whose texture and colour vary with the species of wood 

 the insect collects from. Men were slow to learn of the hornet, 

 but they were driven to it. The immense increase in the demand 

 for paper has had to be met. Forests of spruce are raised in Europe 

 like any other crop for the supplying of the paper mills. The 

 trees grow uniform like corn in a field. They are thinned and 

 tended throughout their lives. A certain part of the forests 

 are cut clean each year and the land reset with seedling trees. 

 By the time its turn comes round again, this area has another 

 crop ready for harvest. The limbs even, and the trees taken out 

 by the thinning process, go to the pulp factory. 



In America great quantities of spmce and other woods are 

 yearly cut for pulp. A single large New York daily newspaper 

 consumes i8o tons of spruce paper in a single issue. It takes 

 250 cords of wood to make this much paper. In course of a year 

 this one order will clear 18,000 acres of spruce timber, as it averages 

 among our Northern mountain forests. When we consider 

 the newspapers and books each day brings forth, the paper used 

 in other ways the manifold uses to which paper pulp is put 

 beside paper making we are not surprised that the pulp makers 

 are concerned as to the future sources of the raw materials that 

 feed their mills. 



PAPER FROM GROUND WOOD 



Ordinary news paper is made by grinding the wood, cleared 

 of bark and knots, and pressing it into thin sheets. It is not 

 strortg nor durable, but it outlasts the interest of the reader who 



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