22 



STlPULAll BUD-SCALES 



[CH. II 



stipules, small flat leaf-like appendages, 

 so common at the base of the stalks of 

 the leaves of these and many other 

 plants. 



If now we compare the outer bud- 

 scales of our Beech or Hornbeam, we 

 find that they are arranged in pairs, just 

 as are the stipules in the interior, but, 

 unlike the latter, not every pair has a 

 folded leaf between them. Careful ex- 

 amination shows that although the outer- 

 most pairs of bud -scales are devoid of 

 any leaf between, some of the inner scales 

 have a minute leaf-rudiment between 

 each pair, as seen in Fig. 30. 



Here, therefore, the true bud-scales 

 enveloping the rest of the bud are neither 

 leaf-bases, nor leaves, but stipules, and 

 we shall find the same to be the case in 

 many other plants. 



Fig. 16. Bud of Beech just on the point of opening, and showing 

 the leaves protruding each from between its i^air of stipular bud-scales. 

 Lower bud-scales, also stipules devoid of intermediate leaves (He). 



