VIl] 



BUD-SCALES 



51 



Where true scales occur, they may be of several 

 different kinds. 



In the following they are simply leaves, often retaining 

 their essential leaf-characters, and even in part their green 

 colour and herbaceous texture, but reduced in size and 

 frequently brown and membranous, as if scorched, at the 

 margins or elsewhere ; sometimes they are wholly mem- 

 branous. Such reduced leaves occur in 



Fig. 33. Bud of the Fig. Tliat to tlie left witli its outer scale (stipule) 

 still completely folded round it. That to the right with the outer scale 

 removed, showing the leaf folded round an inner stipule, which, if 

 removed would expose a similar leaf superposed on another enfolding 

 stipule, and so on. 



42 



