LIME : CHESTNUT 187 



rather fat, standing off" and obliquely displaced to one 

 side of the small leaf-scars. Twigs zig-zag, dark red 

 passing to greenish grey : young shoots pubescent in 

 summer. 



The variety T. parniflora has glabrous yellowish brown 

 twigs, somewhat more slender than var. grandifolia. 



The terminal bud appears to be always aborted, and 

 the lateral buds are displaced to one side of the axil. The 

 most external bud-scale is lateral, and covers the one 

 distichously opposed to it at the margins. These scales 

 must be looked upon as fused pairs of stipules, since there 

 now follow in distichous sequence conduplicate leaves, the 

 margins of which are turned towards the axis bearing the ' 

 bud, each with a pair of stipules covering its outer face 

 (Figs. 24 and 81 c). There is usually a microscopic bud 

 in the axil of the second scale. The general arrangement 

 is much the same as in the Hazel. 



(/S) Buds sJiowing 2 scales, yellowish green 

 touched with red or grey; shoots angular; 

 leaf -scar fairly large rounded- triangidar, 

 luith 3 groups of leaf-trace bundles; pith 

 angidar, greenish. 



Castanea vesca, Gaertn. Chestnut (Figs. 94 and 59 p). 

 The pseudo-terminal bud usually larger than the rest. 

 Twigs olive to red-brown, faintly pubescent or glabrous, 

 passing to rough grey, and with conspicuous lenticels. 

 Dwarf-shoots numerous. Leaf-bases prominent, with de- 

 current lines. 



The bud commences with two outer scales, right and 

 left, each of which must be regarded as two-fused stipules. 

 Then follow, in distichous sequence, a pair of stipules with 

 or without a leaf-rudiment between them, then several 

 pairs of stipules, each pair covering the dorsal surface of 



