402 NEW LAND. 



Land. Here, above flint strata which presumably bears Carboniferous 

 fossils, is found strata of Labradorite porphyry, amygdaloid, melafyre- 

 amygdaloid, and tuffs, which are probably Carboniferous, as they are 

 covered by strata of flint resembling the underlying one. These latter 

 lavatic rocks seem, therefore, to belong to an earlier eruptive period than, 

 at any rate, some of the aforesaid intrusive masses. 



It may be mentioned that the melafyres on the islands of the Lands 

 Lokk archipelago are traversed by veins of diorite-porphyritic rock. 

 Fragments of these rocks were brought back from Ringnes Land by 

 Captain Isachsen. 



On both sides of the southern outlet of Henreka Sound are thick 

 intrusives, the median part of which is of quartz-bearing mica-diabase ; 

 the close-grained salbands being of ordinary diabase. This same rock 

 appears at the base of Ammonitberget, near Bjornekap, in this case in 

 the shape of a thick dyke in the Triassic deposits. 



No younger eruptives were observed either at Jones Sound, Vendoni- 

 f jord, or Bay Fjord. Accounts of the expeditions of Nares and Greely, 

 to the inner parts of Greely and Archer Fjords or on the north coast of 

 Grinnell Land, make no mention of ' basalts.' The greater injections 

 of eruptive masses seem pre-eminently confined to two lines those of 

 Smith Sound and Heureka Sound. That that of the latter is an old 

 wound is proved by the flows of lava near Sorte Veeg. In conclusion, 

 it may be mentioned that all these eruptive rocks are pre-Miocene, 

 dislocated when the Miocene deposits were formed. 



SOME KEMARKS ON THE STRTJCTUEAL AND OROGRAPHIC CONDITIONS. 



Once covered by the deposits of the different formations in flat 

 layers, the visible portion of the earth's crust has undergone here 

 disturbances of radical nature. Side pressure has occasioned folds in 

 the plane of stratification, and a system of fissures has again divided it 

 into plateau-like areas. Of these, some have sunk and others risen in 

 proportion to their surroundings, giving in some cases re-access to the 

 sea ; while others, as in Ellesinere, Heiberg, and Eingnes Lands, rise to 

 considerable altitude. 



Near the great Archaean plateau in Ellesmere Land proper, and more 

 particularly in Vendomf jord and the inner part of Bay Fjord, the small 

 areas have been violently dislocated. The movement, moreover, seems 

 to have been concentrated in the immediate vicinity of Heureka Sound. 

 The areas in both places are of comparatively small extent, and the dis- 

 turbance is plainly visible to the eye, the dip of the strata being often 

 50 to 60. Possibly connected with the Heureka Sound line, as being 

 the place of greatest disturbance, is the circumstance, already pointed 



