464 NEW LAND. 



erratic blocks were observed in the pass between the head of Trold- 

 fjord and Bay Fjord. Farther north also, that is to say, in Heureka 

 Sound, terraces were observed, but no measurements were taken of them. 



Another circumstance in connection herewith will be seen in the 

 illustration facing page 28 (vol. i.), and in the illustrations on pages 

 105 and 175 (vol. i.), in the shape of a shore formation situated at an 

 approximate height of 600 feet. 



The Archaean plateau of Ellesmere and North Lincoln Lands, which 

 once was covered by strata of younger formations, is, as it were, planed 

 off to form a surface of the same level as the deeply sunken plateaus in 

 the north and the west. It is an even highland, averaging 3000 feet 

 in elevation, with short valleys leading from the precipitous outer 

 margin up to the plateau, from which arise no isolated peaks of any 

 considerably greater height. 



The plateau of Archaean rocks is continued in the Cambrian, Silurian, 

 and Devonian strata, towards the western part of Jones Sound, where, 

 sloping gently towards the north-north-west, it sinks partly under the 

 sea in Norskebugten and partly is replaced by their dislocated equivalents 

 and younger deposits in Fuglef jord and Eidsf jord. Towards the north, 

 Cambro-Silurian strata continue the surface of the plateau of Bache 

 Peninsula and the land near Flagler Fjord. 



In the vicinity of Heureka Sound, which is the place of greatest 

 dislocation, the narrowness of the plateaus and the abruptness of the 

 dip have contributed to a greater breaking up of the surface. Inter- 

 secting strike valleys and numerous cross valleys separate and cut up 

 the areas, the highest edges of which were easily elaborated into crests 

 and peaks. Seen from certain points, the landscape here presents the 

 rich elaboration of Alpine forms, though in other directions retaining 

 the character of the tableland which it really is. 



West of Heureka Sound, on the south-west and north sides of 

 Heiberg Land, as well as north-west of the area where the folds occur in 

 Grinnell Land, is again the same plateau surface as in Ellesmere Land. 



THE GLACIATIOX OF ELLESMERE AND HEIBERG LANDS. 



Although glaciers in different parts have been observed over nearly 

 the whole of Ellesmere Land, and although the greater part of the 

 country is covered with ice and snow, no ' inland ice ' proper can be 

 said to exist there. 



The glacial covering is nowhere of sufficient thickness to hide the 

 configuration of the land under what would be the shield of an ' inland 

 ice,' and it consequently falls into sub-divisions restricted by the topo- 

 graphical conditions of the country. North Lincoln consists of a fairly 



