122 I'liorKKiHMis OK THK ANATOMICAL AND ANTHUOPOUKJICAL 



seen in the table to he 17, and of these 97 students 80 or 87 per cent. 

 had their vision improved to normal in one or both eyes after suitable 

 correcting lenses had been adjusted. 



Comparison of the acuteness of vision of the 400 students with 

 other statistics of acuteness of vision. In two groups of (500 school 

 children, between the ages of six and fifteen, examined in Aberdeen 

 and in Edinburgh, the percentage of those with normal vision (in both 

 eyes) was found l to be 81 - f> at the former place and 68 - 33 at the latter. 

 Of the 400 students the percentage of those with normal vision (in 

 both eyes) was 61 "25. Of 17,245 London school children, examined 

 between the ages of six and thirteen, serious visual defect or less than 

 a of normal vision was found '- to be present in 8 per cent, of the boys 

 and in 11 percent, of the girls, and to maintain this proportion through- 

 out school life. Of the 400 students 7 '6 per cent, of the males and 

 10 per cent, of the females had less than ' of normal vision. 



REFRACTION. 



The forms of refraction were recorded in the following groups : 

 Emmetropia, hypermetropia, myopia and mixed astigmatism. Hyper- 

 metro pic astigmatism was included in the hypermetropic group and 

 myopic astigmatism in the myopic group. The groups of emmetropia 

 and hypermetropia are in this paper classed together, because by the 

 method that was adopted for estimating the refraction it was difficult 

 in many cases to say to which group they should belong. 



The following table shows the frequency of the different forms of 

 refraction in the 800 eyes : 



Number. Percentage. 



Hypermetropic including emmetropic eyes 605 75-625 



Myopic eyes - 150 18-75 



Mixed astigmatic eyes - 45 5-625 



The number of emmetropic eyes was 183 or 22-87 per cent. 

 The number of hypermetropic eyes was 422 or 52-75 per cent. 



1 Report of the Royal Commission on Physical Training (Scotland). 

 8 British Medical Journal, Oct., 1902. 



