124 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANATOMICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL 



Right side 



Above downwards. 

 12 in normal position B A V 



2 with A above V - . - B V A 



1 with A above B - A B V 



B = bronchus, A = artery, V = Vein. 



Antero-posterior. 



V A B 

 V A B 

 V A B 



(Signature of observer) J. W. FIDDES. 



Date of observation, December, 1905. 

 Sex, Female. 



Two ureters from a right kidney, 



Measurements of kidneys- 

 Bight. Left. 



Length - - 108 mm. 106 mm. 



Breadth - - 50 mm. 45 mm. 



Thickness - 36 mm. 36 mm. 



Above the iliac crest - l\ in. (approx.) 2 in. (approx.) 



Veins. There are three veins passing from the hilum of the kidney. 

 The first lies in front of the renal artery at the upper end of the hilum, 

 and passes transversely across into the inferior vena cava. The 

 second lies below the artery on the same plane, and passes out from 

 the middle of the hilum. The third, smaller than either of the 

 former, passes slightly downwards and inwards from the lower end of 

 the hilum to join the ovarian vein 1^ inches below its junction with 

 the inferior vena cava. 



Ureters. There are two ureters, superior and inferior. The 

 superior begins at the upper end of the hilum behind the renal 

 artery, and passes downwards and inwards in front of the second 

 vein, and behind the third at its junction with the ovarian vein. It 

 then descends on the inner side of the ovarian vein, and crosses the 

 common iliac just where it divides. 



The inferior ureter, which is slightly larger, arises from the lower 

 end of the hilum just above the third vein, and, passing behind the 

 vein, it descends on the outer side of the superior, to which it is con- 

 nected by areolar tissue. 



Pelves. There are two pelves corresponding to the two ureters. 



