SOCIETY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN. 175 



VAEIATIONS IN THE SHAPE AND SIZE OF THE SKULL. 



By REGINALD J. GLADSTONE, M.D. Aberd., F.B.C.S., Senior Demonstrator of 



Anatomy, Middlesex Hospital. 



(Read 16th June, 1906.) 



In the course of this memoir, I shall, in the first place, briefly 

 review and describe certain developmental and regressive changes in 

 the life history of the skull ; then give a short account of the more 

 notable irregularities of the cranial sutures, and the effects which are 

 produced by these abnormalities on the size and shape of the skull ; 

 and, finally, I shall endeavour to discuss some of the more important 

 physiological and racial variations of the cranium, which have accom- 

 panied the evolution of the brain from the lower to the higher races 

 of mankind. 



I shall limit the paper, by confining my remarks to the cranial 

 portion of the head, and in order to avoid repetition I shall deal with 

 variations of the skull and head together, as some of my data have 

 reference to the skull only, and some to observations on the heads of 

 living subjects. 



Adopting, with some modifications, the classification of cer- 

 tain standard text-books, it will be convenient to deal with the 

 variations of the skull and head in the following order : 



1. Developmental changes, and changes attendant on the advance 



of age. 



2. Sexual differences. 



*J. Changes which are associated with variations in stature. 

 4. Changes in form and size due to abnormalities of the cranial 

 sutures. 



