SOCIETY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN. 223 



of the intertragal notch ; stage 2, all between 5-10 mm. ; stage 3, all 

 between 10-15 mm. ; stage 4, all over 15 mm. Cases of complete 

 adhesion of the lobe were also noted. 



Similarly four stages were recognised in the development of 

 tragus and antitragus (see Fig. 1). In their fullest development 

 these structures project as triangular plates in the outer wall of the 

 concha of the ear, separated by a narrow and deep intertragal notch ; 

 in their lowest development they form mere elevations on the anterior 

 and lower margin of the conchal fossa ; between those two extremes, 

 which constitute stages 4 and 1, two intermediate degrees may be 

 recognised. 



The anthelix (Fig. 1) assumes various degrees of development, 

 but they may be roughly grouped into four stages : 



1. Those in which it is so little prominent that it projects out- 



wards to a distinctly less extent than the posterior part 

 (descending limb) of the helix. 



2. Where it projects outwards to an equal extent with the de- 



scending limb of the helix (Fig. 2 B, 1, 2). 



3. Where it is distinctly more prominent than the helix (Fig. 2 



A, 1, 2). 



4. Where it projects outwards 4 mm. or more than the de- 



scending helix. 



To a certain extent I had followed the embryological divisions of 

 His ; the tragus, antitragus, lobule, descending helix and anthelix 

 were distinguished by him as elementary parts of the ear, and it 

 would have been better had I pursued in my investigations, as I had 

 originally intended, two other divisions distinguished by him, the root 

 and ascending helix (tnhet-culnni, (intcritix) and also the horizontal helix 

 or upper margin (tuberculum intermedium, Fig. 1), but after some 

 attempts I abandoned these for want of a suitable method of record- 

 ing their forms. As it so happened an observation I included in 

 my method to record the type of ear does express to some extent the 

 condition of these parts. 



Nearly every one who had before then inquired into the various 



