Chap. XX.] SUMMARY. 365 



able instances with the lower animals. It seems at first 

 sight a monstrous supposition that the jet blackness of 

 the negro has been gained through sexual selection ; but 

 this view is supported by various analogies, and we know 

 that negroes admire their own blackness. With mam- 

 mals, when the sexes difter in color, the male is often 

 black or much darker than the female ; and it depends 

 merely on the form of inheritance whether this or any 

 other tint shall be transmitted to both sexes or to one 

 alone. The resemblance of Pithecia satanas with his jet- 

 black skin, white rolling eyeballs, and hair parted on the 

 top of the head, to a negro in miniature, is almost ludi- 

 crous. 



The color of the face differs much more widely in the 

 various kinds of monkeys than it does in the races of 

 man ; and we have good reason to believe that the red, 

 blue, orange, almost white and black tints of their skin, 

 even when common to both sexes, and the bright colors 

 of their fur, as well as the ornamental tufts of hair about 

 the head, have all been acquired tlirough sexual selection. 

 As the newly-born infants of the most distinct races do 

 not differ nearly as much in color as do the adults, al- 

 though their bodies are completely destitute of hair, we 

 have some slight indication that the tints of the different 

 races were acquired subsequently to the removal of the 

 hair, which, as before stated, must have occurred at a 

 very early period. 



Summary. — We may conclude that the greater size, 

 strength, courage, pugnacity, and even energy of man, in 

 comparison with the same qualities in woman, were ac- 

 quired during primeval times, and have subsequently been 

 augmented, chiefly through the contests of rival males for 

 the possession of the females. The greater intellectual 

 vigor and power of invention in man are probably due to 



