64 CALYCANDRIA. DI-PENTAGYNIA. 



213. GILLENIA. Xutt. Gen. 443. 



Gal. 5 toothed. Cor. petals 5, lanceolate, tapering at base. Stam. few, included. Caps- 5, connate; 

 G. TRiFOLiATA. Ell. Leaves temate, lanceolate, serrate; stipules linear, entire; panicles loose, terminal. 

 Synon. Spira;a trifoliata. Willd. Mx- Ph. &c. Fw/g-o— Indian Physic Bowman's root. Ipecac. 



Fl. Beginning of June. Fr. mat. Beginning ot August. 



Hab. Woodlands: Patton's; Bath, &c. frequent. 2 to 4feethigh: flowers white. 



Obs. This plant has considerable reputation for its medical properties, — particularly as an emetic. It is 

 also said to be cathartic, and Ionic, according to the dose, or mode of exhibition. See Schcepf,\.he Bartons, 

 and other writers on American Materia Medica. 



214. ROSA. Nutt. Gen. 441. 

 [Supposed to be from the Celtic, Rhos, or rhudd, red; the prevailing color of the flowers. See De Theis.'i 



Cal. urceolate; neck contracted; border 5 cleft. Cor. petals 5. Seeds hispid, lodged in the berried calyx. 



R. pARviFLORA. EIL Germs and peduncles hispid; stipular prickles straight; flowers mostly in pairs. 



Synon. R. humilis. Marsh- R. careliniana. Mx. Fu/g-o-Dwarf Wild Rose. 



Fl. Beginning of July. ^r. mat. Last of September. 



Hab. Borders of woods; fence-rows, &c. frequent. 1 to 2 feet high: flowers pale red; fruit globose. 



R. coRYMBOSA. Fl. Phil. Germs & peduncles subhispid; stipular prickles subuncinate; flowers corymbose 



Synon. R. Carolina. TVilld. Ph. Ell. R. pennsylvanica. Mx. Fw/go-Swamp Rose. 



Fl. Beginning of June, and after. Fr. mat. Last of September- 



Hab. Low, swampy grounds, and thickets: frequent, 4 to 6 feet high: flowers red; fruit globose. 



Obs The stipular prickles, in this species, are slightly hooked, and not "near an inch long,"— as ren- 

 dered in F/or- Philad. There appear to be some varieties of both the forpgomg species, in this vicinity— 

 and possibly there may be otiier native species; but I have not ascertained any, to satisfaction. 



R STJAVEOLENS. Ell Germs, pcduncles aiid petioles glandular-hispid; prickles recurved; leaflets elliptif, 

 Synon. R. rubiginosa. Willd. Mahl. Nutt. R. suavifolia. Lightf. Fw/go-Sweet Briar. Eglantine. 

 Fl. Middle of June. -^''- ^^^- Last of September. 



Mab. Sandy banks; roadsides, &c. frequent. 5 to S feet high: flowers pale red; fruit ovate. 



Ob^ This well known rose, so much admired for its fragrant leaves, is pretty frequent here; though 

 Mr Nuttall says it is " certainly not native." It usually attains the height above mentioned; but where 

 pains are taken to train its slender stems, it often reaches to twice or thrice that height. 



215. RUBUS. Nutt. Gen. 445. 

 [Lat. jR«6er,— or Celtic, i;u&, red; from the color of the fruit, or branches of the plant.] 

 Cal. inferior, 5 cleft. Cor. petals 5. Berry compound; acines mostly juicy, 1 seeded. 

 E. viLLOsrs. Ell. Stemangkd; leaves digitate, in 3'sor5's; leaflets ovate, acuminate, hairy both sides. 

 Synon. R. fruticosus. 3Iarsh. Vulgo-Common Black-berry bush. Briar. 



Fl. Middle of May. Fr. mat. Middle of July. 



Hab. Old fields, fence-rows, &f. common 4 to 8 feet high: flowers white; fruit black. 



Obs. The root is somewhat astringent; and the infusion is a popular remedy in diarrhsas, and mild 

 dv^ent-riev. The berries afford a pleasant jam, which is also considered sautary, in such cas2s. The 

 plant' is rather troublesome on our farms, and is diligently rooted out of tne fields, by neat farmers. 



R. OCCIDENT alts. Ell. Stem terete, glaucous; leaves ternate, hoaiy-tomentose beneath; racemes terminal. 



FwZgo-American Raspberry. Black Raspberry. Thimble-berry. 



FL Latter end of May. Fr- mai. Middle of July. _ , , 



JIab. Fence-rows; borders of woo.'.s, kc frequent. 4 to 8 feet long; flowers white; fruit dark purple. 



Obs. The slender stems are often so much curved, that the top descends to the earth, and takes root. Thft 

 fruit of this species, though not very sprightly, has a pleasant flavor, and is generally admired. 

 R TRiviiLis Ell. Procumbent; prickles recurved; leaves mostly ternate; nedicels solitary, axillary, long- 

 Sijnon. R. procumbens. Muhl. Bart. Fl. Phil. Fu/go-Dew-Eerry. Running Briar. 

 i.7. Latter end of May. Fr. 77ia<. Latter end of .July. 



Hab. Sterile, neglected fields, &c. frequent. 4 to 6, or 8 feet long: flowers white; fiuU black, large. 



Obs. The stiDules, in my specimens, are lanceolate, and not " subulate." There are, however, probably 

 some «arirJsof thi^ sprceis"^ The fruit is very fine. The root of this ?s also a.trmgent: and is often used 

 in sjmilarcases with !hif, of R. v)l!''.'?'-'S- 



