92 SYNGENESIA. FRUSTRANEA, 



I. Receptacle chaffy. 



300. RUDBECKIA. Nutt. Gen. 690. 

 [In honor of Olaus Budbeck, Father and ISon; Swedish Eotasists.] 



Cal- sub-equal; scales in a double series- Paj3j)«5 a 4 toothed margin. Recept. conic. 



B- lACiNiATA. Ph. Stem glabrous; lower leaves pinnate, leaflets 3 lobed, upper ones ovate; pappus crcnale= 



J^w/go^Cone-flower. Cone-disk Sunflower. 



JFl. Latter end of July, and after. Fr. mat. Latter end of September. 



Hab- Moist, low grounds: Brandywine: frequent. 4, to 6 or 8 feet high: rays yellow, large, drooping 



R HiRTA. Ell. Hirsute; stem virgate, sub-ramose; peduncles naked; leaves lance-ovate. 



Fl. Beginning of July. Fr. mat. Middle of September. 



Hab. Thicket, below B. Ogden's: not common. 3 to 5 feet high : rays yellow, disk dark purple 



301. HELIANTHUS. Nutt. Gen. 689. 

 [Gr. Helios, the sun, and Antkos, a flower; from the resemblance of its flower.] 



Cal- imbricate, sub-squarrose, foliaceous. Pappus chaffy, 2 leaved, caducous. Recept. flat. 

 §1. Leaves opposite. 

 H. DivARiCATUS? Ell. Stem glabrous, branching ; leaves lance-ovate, scabrous above, sessile. 

 Fl- Latter end of July, and after. Fi-. mat. Middle of September. 



JIab. Borders of woods; and thickets: frequent. 2 to 4 feet high: flowers yellow. 



H. FRONDOSus? Ph. Leaves ovate, sharply serrate, petiolate; peduncles scabrous- 

 Fl. Latter end of July, and after. Fr. mat. Middle of September. 



Hab. Dry woodlands; fence-rows, &c. frequent. 2 to 3 feet high: flowers yellow. 



H. MOLLIS. Ell. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, scabrous above, hoary -pubescent and soft beneath. 

 FL Beginning of August. Fr. mat. Latter end of September. 



i/a6. Woodlands: Bath, &c. frequent. 2 to 4 feet high: flowers yellow. 



Obs. In my specimens the leaves are all opposite, and tapering at base to short petioles. I li.^ve not been 

 able fully to satisfy myself, from the books, relative to the foregoing species of Helianthus; though I have 

 but little doubt as to this last. 



§2. Leaves alternate. 

 H. GiGANTSUs. JVilld. Scabrous; branching; leaves lanceolate, obsoletely serrate, subsessile 

 Fl. Middle of August, and after. Fr. mat- Beginning of October. 



Hab. Borders of thickets, &c. frequent. 5 to 8 feet high: flowers yellow. 



302. BIDENS- Nutt. Gen. 691. 

 [Lat. Bidcns, ha.\ing two teeth; alluding to the awns, or teeth, crowning the seeds.] 



Cal. sub-equal, calyculate. Cor- rays often wanting . Pappus 2, or 4 scabrous awns. Seed 4 sidea- 

 B. CERNUA. Ph. Flowers sub-radiate, shorter than the outer calyx; leaves lanceolate, sub-connate. 

 Fl. Beginning of September, and after Fr- mat. Middle of October. 



Hab. Ditches; and low swampy grounds: frequent. 1^ to 3 feet high: flowers yellow; awns 2. 



Obs. Pursh was certainly safe in asserting, of the gpecies of thjs genus, that " the most of them are either 

 without or with raya^'.' 



B. CHRYSANTHEMOiDEs. Ph. Flowers radiate, rays long; leaves oblong, tapering at each end, connate. 



Fl- Last of August, and after. Fr- mat. Beginning of October. 



ffab. Along rivulets; swamps, &c. frequent. 1 to 2 feet high: flowers yellow, showy; awns 2. 



06s. There ssems to be some varieties of this; or perhaps, as Mr. Elliott suggests, there may be distinct 

 species passing under this name. 



B. FRoxEosA. Ell. Flowers discoid; outer cj^lyx very long; lower leaves pinnate, upper ones ternate. 



Vulgo— Bur Marygold. Beggar-ticks. 



Fl. Beginning of August, and after. Fr. mat- Beginning of October. 



Hab. Gardens; fence-rows. &c. common. 2 to 4 feet high: floaers yellowish, inconspicuous; awns 2. 



Obs. This is an obnoxiou:^- weed in our gardens, and cultivated lots — especially Tvhea i;i seed; as these 

 stdhere by their awns, to cjotbing, &c. in great pumbers. 



