MONOECIA. POLYANDRIA. 105 



Fl- Beginning of May, Fr. mat. Last of September. 



Hab. Rich, bottom lands: Brandywine: frequent. 15 to 30 feet high. 



Obs. This is generally a small, branching tree, and the wood is not highly valued. The extract of the 

 bark, used in the form of pills, is a convenient and deservedly popular cathartic. The young /r«t<, which is 

 viscid and villous, is prepared, by our housewives, as a condiment, or pickle, which is much esteemed. It ie 

 in the proper state for this purpose, about the last of June, or beginning of July. The kernel of the ripe 

 fruit is rarely eaten,— being very oily and rancid. 



333. CARTA. Nutt. Gen. 761. 

 [Gr. KaryOj the ancient name of the Juglans regia, or Walnut tree- Nutt-] 



Male, -i47neM« imbricate, compound. CaA a scale, 3 parted. Cor. 0. Stavicns i to S. 



Fem. Ca/. superior, 4 cleft. Cor. 0. Style 0. S'tigma 4 lobed. Pericarp 4 valved. A^iit 4 angled, smooth 



C. SULCATA. Ell- Leaflets about 9, oblanceolate; fruit 4 angled; nut long-mucronate. 



Synon. Juglans laciniosa. Mx- arb. J. mucronata. Mx. Fl. Am- Fit/g-o— Thick Shell-bark Hickory. 



Fl. Middle of May. Fr. mat. Middle of October. 



4Iab. Rich woodlands: frequent. 60 to 80 feet high. 



Obs. The wood of most of the species of Hickory is highly valuable for fuel,— though not very durable 

 Tvhen exposed to the weather, and much subject to be worm-eaten The whole genus is believed to be pe- 

 culiar to this continent. 



C. SQUAMOSA. Eat. Leaflets about 5, long-petiolate, lance-oblong; fruit depressed-globose; nut compressed- 

 Synon. C. alba. Ell- Juglans squamosa- Mx. arb. Fu/g:o— Shell -bark Hickory, 

 Fl. Middle of May. Fr. mat. Middle of October. 



Hab. Rich bottom land; creek banks, kc frequent. 60 to 80 feet high. 



Obs. This tree is well known, on account of its nuts, which are so highly esteemed for the table. They 

 are much superior to those of any other species, in this region . 



C. TOMENTOSA. Ell Leaflets about 9, oblanceolate; aments tomentose; nut thick-shelled, hard. 

 Synon. Juglans tomentosa. Mx. Arb- J. alba. IVilld- Muhl- Fu/g-o— White-heart Hickory- 

 FL Middle of May. Ft. mat. Middle of October. 



Hab. Woodlands: common. 60 to 80 feet high, 



Obs- The white hickory is considered as aflfording the best fuel; as well as being the toughest, and most 

 suitable for axe-hanules, &c. 



C. AM.VRA. Ell. Leaflets about 9, lance-oblong, glabrous; fruit subglobose ; nut mucronate. 

 Syno7i Juglans amara. Mx. Arb- FM/g-o-BitterNut. Swamp Hickory. 



Fl. Middle of May. f r- mat. Middle of October. 



Hab. Woodlands; and low grounds: frequent. 40 tobOfept high. 

 Obs. The nufs of this species are bitter and astringent. 



C. poRciNA. Ell- Leaflets about 7, lanceolate, glabrous; fruit pyriform, or globose. 



Synon. Juglans porcina. Mr. Arb. Vulgo— Broom Hickory. Pig-nut Hickory. 



Fl. Beginning of May. Fr. mat. Middle of October. 



Hab. Woodlands: frequent. 40 to CO feet high. 



Obs. The young saplings of this species were much used, formerly, for making splint-brooms,— the wood 

 being very tough. 



334. FAGUS. Nutt. Gen. 753. 

 [Lat.— originally from the Gr- phago, to eat; the fruit being esculent.] 



Male, .<4fflenf roundish. CaZ. 5 cleft, campanulate. Cor. 0. Stamens Sihout 12. 



Fem. Cal. 4 toothed, setose. Cor. 0. Nuts 2, triquetrous, included in the muricate, 4 cleft calyx 



F. SYLVATiCA. Ell. Leaveslance-ovaI,acuminate, slightly dentate, glabrous, margin ciliate. 



Synon. F. sylvestris, Mx. Arb. F. sylvatica atro-punicea. Marsh. Vulgo— Beech tree. White Beech. 



Fl- Beginning of May. Fr. mat. Last of September. 



Hab. Moist, low grounds: woodlands: common. 80 to 50 feethigh. 



Obs. As far as I have observed, I think Mr. Nuttall is correct in the suggestion that this epecies is 

 dimcous. The leaves in 3Iichaux's plate do not exactly correspond with our pLint. With us, the leaves, 

 though tapering, are not acute, at base,— but are somewhat oblique, and slightly cordate; and on jjetioles 

 scarcely one fourth of an inch long. In other respects they accord witii the plate. The ?Pood is very 

 close-grained; and ranch used for making plane-stocks, shoemaker's lasts, &c. The nuts afford food to.- 



