APPENDIX. 1S9 



C. ARMORACiA. Willd. Radical Icaves large, lanceolate, crenate, or puinatifid; cauline inciscd. 

 Vnlgo—yiovse Radish. 



Fl. Middle of May, and after. Fr. mat. Last of June, and after, 



//aft. Gardens, &c. Perennial, li to 3 fett high: flowers white. iVat. Europe. 



Obs. The pungent root of this plant is in general use at table, in the spring of the year; and is sometimes 

 used externally, in medicine, as a rubefacient. It thrives best in moist situations. 



Floivu's with glands between the short stamens and pistil, and between the long stamens and calyx. 



56. BRASSICA. Gen. PI. 1096. 

 [A name of disputed, and consequently of doubtful, derivation. See Be Theis, ^-c] 

 Cal. erect, connivent. Silique with the dissepiment longer than the valves. Seeds globose. 

 B. RAPA. JFilld. Root orbicular, depressed, carnose; radical leaves rough, cauJine smooth. 

 Vulgo — Turnip. Common Turnip. 



Fl. Middle of May. Fr. mat. Latter end of June. 



iia6. Fields, &c. Biennial. 2 to 4 feet high: flowers yellow. iVaf. England, &.c. 



Obs. This fine esculent root is generally cultivated here for the table. It is not much esteemed for stock, 

 —especially milk cows,-but is often given to sheep. The seed is usually sown the latler end of July or 

 beginning of August,— on good, and new ground, if it can be had. Several varieties occur; white, yellow, &c. 



B. OLERACEA. JVilld. Root mostly terete, carnose; leaves all glabrous, glaucous, repand, or lobate. 

 Fu/go— Garden Cabbage. Cauliflower. Broccoli. Ruta baga, or Swedish Turnip. 

 Fl. Latter end of May. Fr. mat. Beginning of July 



/Ja6. Gardens, &;c. Biennial. 2 to 4 feet high: flowers yellow. iVaf. England. 



06s. Many varieties of this valuable plant are cultivated, under equally numerous appellations. In ad- 

 dition to several, which are evidently nearly allied to the common cabbage, are some which would seem to 

 be almost specifically distinct— such, tor instance, are the Cauliflower, (var. bolrytis,) and the Ruta baga, 

 Swedish Turnip, or Turnip-rooted Cabbage (var. Napo-brassica). They are all, however, considered by 

 Botanists as nothing more than varieties of the B. oleracea. The Ruta baga has been tried to some extent, 

 by several of our farmers; but, as remarked in another place, the culture ot roots will not become a prima- 

 ry object, while we can raise good crops of Indian Corn. The Cauliflower is not much cultivated here. 

 The variety called Broccoli succeeds best, in our gardens. 



57. SINAPIS. Gen. PL 1097. 

 [An ancient name, of obscure derivation.] 



Cal. spreading. Cor. claws straight. Siliqus with the dissepiment often twice as long as the valvei . 

 S. nigra. JVilld. Siliques glabrous, appressed to the raceme, apex 4 angled. 

 Kji/g-o— Mustard. Black Mustard. 



Fl. Beginning of July. Fr. mat- Middle of August, 



//ai. About houses, &c. Annual. 3 to 6 feet high: flowers yellow. iVat. Northern Europe. 



Obs. This plant is almost naturalized about some old settlements—where the ripe seeds are collected for 

 use. It is rarely cultivated regularly. The seeds are a powerful stimulus; the use of which, at table, is fa- 

 ujiliarly known. They aie also much employed in medicine, as a rubefacient, &c. 



5S. RAPHANUS. Gen. PI. 1098. 

 [Gr. Ra, easily, or quickly, and phainomai, to appear; alluding to its speedy germination.] 

 Cal. closed. Silique torose, sub-articulate, terete, not opening by valves, 1 or 2 celled. 

 R. sATivus. n^ilhl. Leaveslyrate:sihquesterete, torose, 2 celled. 

 I'uZgo— Radi.'ih. Garden Radish. 



Fl. Middle of June, and after. Fr. mat. Last of July, and after. 



i/a&. Gardens, &c. Annual. 2 to 3 feet high: flowers white. A^a(. China. 



Obs This favorite root, of which there are two or three varieties, is almost universally cultivated, for th« 

 table. Theiseeds may be planted at any time from early spring till autumn, to fiiruish a succession ot 



