1906] LECTURE. 29 



both working upon the buds and weakening them so the crop 

 is ruined. The treatment of these at this time is important. 

 Everyone should go through his orchard in March, especially if 

 there are a few warm days. These insects are very tenacious of 

 life ; they are not so easily destroyed as we think but will stand 

 a great deal of cold, so, if we discover they are upon the buds, 

 the spraying machine should go out at once. 



For all eating insects we have to apply poisons, and after sev- 

 eral years of experience I have found that arsenate of lead is 

 the most valuable. Paris green has been used for many years, 

 and while it is good, it is not so adhesive, being easily washed 

 off if it rains soon after it is applied. Arsenate of lead is very 

 effective and if followed by rain its value is not lost. The 

 Bowker Co., of Boston, make it and sell it under the name of 

 "Disparine. " It is, I think, the best insecticide in use to-day. 



I now speak of the "bud moth.' ' How many of you know 

 of the bud moth or the eye-spotted bud moth? That msect is 

 doing immense damage. It is very minute and works right in 

 the bud. As the bud unfolds this small reddish brown moth 

 bores right down into it, and when it gets into an orchard it is 

 responsible for from fifty to seventy-five per cent, loss in that 

 orchard. Arsenate of lead is very useful in destroying this 

 moth. It is all over New York State and in some years is ex- 

 ceedingly destructive. The first evidence of its presence is a 

 little discoloration of the ends of the buds. The ends of the 

 buds will be brown, and if you pull them open you will find the 

 little larvae eating inside the buds. The tree will still bud and 

 blossom but you will get no fruit. 



The tent caterpillar is very destructive to the foliage of the 

 trees which is exceedingly unfortunate, because if the foliage is 

 injured the function of the tree is destroyed for that season and 

 it simply exists, so these ravages should be checked, and 

 thorough spraying with arsenate of lead will control them. 

 When the caterpillars begin to build, have men go through the 

 orchard with fish poles and on the end of these wrap a little 

 burlap or gunny sacking. Start below at the lower part of a 

 nest and twist up the caterpillars with the cloth and leave none 



