16 THE AMERICAN HUNTING DOG 



Coming down into historical times, the earliest 

 Egyptian and Biblical records contain mention 

 of the dog, and in Egypt they had already been 

 bred into at least two types, the guard dogs for 

 flocks of sheep, and the hunting and coursing dogs 

 used in the chase, both of which types are pic- 

 tured in stone hieroglyphics and mummy-case 

 decorations. Both the drop-eared and prick-eared 

 types are represented. The latter came directly 

 from the wolf and jackal; as to the former, no 

 skeleton can show, but the cave men had them if a 

 broad skull like a modem setter or hound bespeaks 

 a lop ear. My own theory is that for the guard- 

 dog type the ear was gradually extended, due to 

 the demands of the business for good hearing, un- 

 til it fell over of its own weight, thus forming 

 the drop-eared type. As to nose, both kinds had 

 equally good, as witness the wolf to-day, a prick- 

 eared type which is as good a tracker as runs. 



By Roman times three distinct types had been 

 developed, called by them the sagaces (trackers), 

 celeres (coursers) and pugnaces (fighters). 

 Drawings and pen pictures by Eoman writers 

 would place these types as represented to-day by 

 the coonhounds and bird dogs for the sagaces, 

 greyhounds, w^olfhounds and collies, for the ce- 

 leres, and bulldogs, terriers, etc., for the pugnaces. 



