GENERAL PEINCrPLES. 



of an iij)riglit and compact form. Curved erect 'branches 

 (fig. 4), proceeding almost horizontally from the stem for 

 a short distance, and then becoming erect ; these, also, 



Figs.^^i, 5, different habits of growth of trees, 

 spreading or horizontul. 



jrect ; 4, curved erect ; 6, 



form upright symmetrical heads, but much more open than 

 the preceding. Also, fiorizontal or spreading hranclies 

 (fig. 5), that fonn wide-spreading heads with irregular 

 outline. And, lastly, clroojping h^anclics, when they fall 

 below the horizontal line. The branches of most varie- 

 ties of apples and j^ears become pendulous when they 

 have borne some time ; and even in young trees of par- 

 ticular varieties, some of the branches assume a drooping 

 and irregular habit. 



2d. Secondary Brandies {G, fig. 1), are the divisions 

 of the main branches : occasionally those near the stem 

 take such a prominent part in forming the outline of the 

 tree, as to assume all the character of main branches, ex 

 cepting in position. 



3d. Shoots {JI, fig. 1). This is the name by which 



