80 



GENERAL PEINCIPLES. 



long, anotlier cut {!>) is made across this cut, 

 about lialf way down, as at point B, the stock 

 is split on one side of the pith, by laying the 

 chisel on the horizontal surface, and striking 

 lightly with a mallet; the split is kept open 

 with the knife or chisel till the scion is inserted 

 with the thick side 

 out {A, fig. Y4). 

 Grafts of this kind 

 heal much more ra- 

 pidly than when cut 

 at once horizontally. 

 Very large branches 

 are sawed horizon- 

 tally off at the point 

 to be grafted (^4, fig. 

 T7); the surface is 

 then pared smooth 

 with the knife, a 

 split is made with 



- 1 • 1 1 • ^=- "'*• ^^^ scion prepared with a sloping cut on 



the chisel, nearly in each side lilve a wedge. A, a bud at the shoulder. 

 Fig. 75. the stock cut and split. .^, the sloping cut. 

 B, the horizontal cut. Fig. 76, the scion inserted in 

 the stock. 



Figs. 74 to 76, Cleft Grafting. 



the centre, and two 

 wedge-like scions in- 

 serted (^, i?, fig. 78) ; 



if both grow, and they are afterwards too close, one can be 

 cut away. Another mode of grafting such large stocks, or 

 branches, is to cut tliem off horizontally, as above, and pare 

 them*smooth with the knife ; then cut the scion on o?ie side, 

 about an inch and a half long, making a shoulder at the 

 toj), then raise the bark from the stock with the handle of 

 a budding knife, and insert the scion between the bark 

 and wood, and apply the composition the same as in the 

 others, all over the cut part. Two or three scions may be 

 ])ut in each. The principal objection to this mode is, that 



