PEOPAGATION OF STOCKS. Ill 



ing down as described in layering, the first season of their 

 growth in July, and may be sufficiently rooted in the fall 

 to be transferred to nursery rows in the spring following ; 

 a year is thus saved, but the stocks are, of course, much 

 inferior. If earthed up in midsummer, they will be par- 

 tially rooted in the autumn too, but not so well as if bent 

 down, for the bending has a tendency to stop the sap at 

 the point fastened to the ground, and hastens the forma- 

 tion of roots. 



The Paradise. — This also is a distinct species of apple. 

 The tree is of very small size, never attaining over three 

 to four feet in height. It is used for stocks for dwarf 

 trees or bushes that occupy but a small space in the gar- 

 den. It is propagated in precisely the same manner as 

 that described for the Doucain. 



2d. Stocks for the Pear. — ^The jyear seedling and the 

 quince are the only two stocks on which the pear can be 

 advantageously w^orked to any considerable extent. The 

 mountain ash and the thorn are occasionally used for 

 special purposes only. 



Pear Seedlings. — ^The seeds are obtained by collecting 

 such fruits as can be had, containing perfect seeds. Great 

 care should be taken to gather the fruits of hardy, 

 healthy, vigorous trees only, and the seeds should be full 

 and plump. The seeds are separated and washed, as de- 

 scribed for apples. They are also saved and planted in a 

 manner similar in all respects ; but in this country it is a 

 much more difficult matter to succeed with pear seedlings 

 than with the apple. This difficulty is owing chiefly to a 

 species of rust or blight that attacks the leaves of the 

 young plants, very often before they have completed their 

 fii-st season's growth. To obviate the difficulty which this 

 malady presents, a vigorous grow^th should be obtained 

 early in the season. ISTew soil, or that in which trees 

 have not been ffrown in before, should be selected. The 



