180 PERMANENT PLANTATIONS. 



who build with reference to the location of the garden, or 

 who have a large domain at their disposal, having an 

 opportunity of selection to any considerable extent. Per- 

 sons who live in cities and villages, have to make the 

 best of their situation. As it is, if it be exposed, they can 

 only give it protection by lofty enclosures, that will break 

 the force of the winds. The aspect they cannot alter, and 

 must adapt other circumstances to it. Those who can 

 should select a situation convenient enough to the dwell- 

 ing, to render it at all times easy of access, in order to 

 save time and labor in going to and from it. It should 

 also be sheltered from the north and west winds. Tlie 

 former are destructive to the blossoms in spring, and the 

 latter frequently blow off the fruit before its maturity. 

 In sections of the country subject to late spring frosts, an 

 elevated situation is to be preferred, as in the case of 

 orchards. A full eastern or southern aspect should be 

 avoided, because in them the sun's rays strike the trees 

 while the frost is upon them, and produce injuries that 

 would be avoided in other aspects. Where artificial 

 shelter is required, a belt of rapid-growing trees, com- 

 posed of evergreens and deciduous trees mixed, should be 

 planted on the exposed side, but at such a distance as to 

 obviate any difiiculty that might arise from the injurious 

 effects of shade, or from the roots entering the garden. 

 Such a belt of trees might, at the same time, be made to 

 impart a pleasing and highly ornamental appearance to 

 the grounds. 



2d. The Soil is a most important consideration. As in 

 a garden a general collection of all the fruits is to be 

 grown, and that in the highest state of perfection, the soil 

 should be of that character in its texture, depth, and 

 quality, best adapted to general purposes. It should not 

 only be suitable for the apple and the pear, but for the 

 peach, the cherry, and the jDlum — a good, deep, friable 



