Investment in Agricultural Research 

 and Extension: A Survey 



The treatment of research and extension activities in an econom- 

 ic frameworic is of relatively recent origin. It is a measure of the 

 limited emphasis on the economic aspects of these activities that 

 a comprehensive compilation of international data has not been 

 undertaken. This chapter reports such a compilation. It is the 

 product of an extensive review of existing data sources and of 

 responses to a survey questionnaire sent to research organizations 

 throughout the world. (Appendix 1 provides detailed country data 

 and a listing of major data sources.)' 



Summary of International Data 



Regional summaries of publicly financed research and extension 

 personnel and budget data for 1965 are presented in table 2.1. 

 These data were compiled from a great number of sources, in- 

 cluding FAO and OECD regional surveys, as well as published ex- 

 periment station budgets and responses to survey questionnaires. 

 In the table, scientists are defined as having the capability to con- 

 duct independent research work, not technicians and assistants; 

 expenditures were converted to U.S. dollars at the official ex- 

 change rate. Only research and extension activities directed 

 toward increasing agricultural productivity were included. All 

 data are by location of work; thus French or British scientists in 



Much of the material in this chapter is reported in Evenson and Kislev (1974). 

 1. More detailed data and a complete list of sources appear in Evenson and 

 Kislev (1971). 



15 



