24 



Agricultural Research and Productivity 



Table 2.4: Research Expenditures and Scieniisis Per Research Publication, 1965 



ductivity per scientist. Only South and Southeast Asia (chiefly In- 

 dia and Pakistan) appear to be able to purchase research publica- 

 tions at ''bargain" prices. 



Table 2.5 summarizes our data in terms of regional shares. A 

 new item introduced in this table is the regional shares in ''gener- 

 al sciences." The developing countries contribute only 5 percent 

 of the publications in this category, their share is larger in the ag- 

 ricultural sciences (13.2 percent). Plant physiology occupies an in- 

 termediate position. But even in the agricultural sciences, the 

 share of the developing countries is half their share in the value 

 of the agricultural product (27.5 percent). 



The data also indicate a strong correlation between investment 

 in research and the economic performance in agriculture. North 

 America, Northern Europe, and Oceania have had relativley high 

 levels of investment and high rates of productivity increase in 

 their advanced agricultural sectors since 1950. Southern Europe 

 has done less well. The Eastern European countries and Russia 

 have expanded their agricultural research system very rapidly, 

 and have achieved rapid production gains. 



