1900.] ESSAYS. (Jl 



medium size are preferable to very strong or very weak ones. 

 The eyes should be well formed, and not opened, nor damaged 

 in any way. The bud having been detached from the shoot, 

 the bark of the stock is opened by making two incisions with 

 the grafting knife in the shape of a J to the full depth of the 

 bark, as shown bv this sketch. Then raise the edges of the 

 longitudinal incision A at the point of junction with the incision 

 B. At the same time, the other hand holding the bud by the 

 stock, slip it into the incision as quickly as possible, so that the 

 parts underneath may not sutfer from exposure to the air. Care 

 should be taken not to remove the bud from its parent shoot 

 until the time when it is to be inserted in the stock, and also 

 that no other matter shall get into the incision at the same time. 

 The bud inserted is shown at C. (111.) 



This operation to be completed, needs a bandage of wool, 

 cotton or strands of matting. The bandage is wound in a spiral 

 manner round the stock, beginning at the upper part, as by 

 doing so we avoid the danger of raising the bud and displacing 

 it from the incision, which might occur when the buds are over 

 large and broad. Grafting wax is seldom used in bud grafting. 

 In case the bandage was likely to become loose, then the wax 

 might serve to keep it in position and preserve the bud from the 

 action of the air. There are many other forms of budding, such 

 as veneer budding, double budding, &c. ; but time does not 

 allow us to linger or we might say many things about treatment 

 after budding. 



In grafting proper there are numerous methods ; such as cleft- 

 grafting, whip-grafting, crown-grafting, saddle-grafting, root- 

 grafting and side-grafting. But the most common form used is 

 cleft -grafting, which requires a scion with two or three buds. 

 In ordinary cleft-grafting wo have to operate on stock or branch 

 of medium size, such a one as this. (HI.) We cut it verti- 

 cally a little deeper than the depth of the slanting cut of the 

 scion, then insert the scion so that the inner bark of the scion 

 will come in direct contact with the inner bark of the stock 

 or branch. If you do it properly the result will be as this. 

 The skill of the grafter is displayed in not allowing the cleft to 



