THIRD ANNUAL REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST. 195 



the second moth's career was stopped by a spider. With various 

 fscts in view Mr. Simpson reached the opinion that the maximum 

 number of eggs laid by one moth is about 50 and the average be- 

 tween 30 and 40. 



From the writings of various observers it appears that egg 

 laying begins about 5 or 6 d^ys after the emergence of the moth. 

 It often occurs in Montana that cold rainy spells come at the time 

 that part of the first brood of moths is on the wing and from obser- 

 vations made by the writer and published elsewhere, there can be 

 little doubt that the moth may live over a considerable length of 

 time waiting for an opportunity to lay her series of eggs, her physi- 

 ological activities in the meantime being retarded by low temper- 

 atures. The writer has kept a newly emerged codling moth m a 

 gauze covered bottle in a refrigerator for a period of two months. 



INCUBATION OF THE EGG. 



Widely varying records of the duration of the egg stage have 

 been published, the time recorded, varying from four to eighteen 

 days. Actual observations have shown that the period of incuba- 

 tion varies and the principal if not the only factor is a variation in 

 temperature. We believe that the average duration of this stage 

 in Montana is very close to 12 days. 



Having gone through its development in the egg the larva 

 emerges through the shell at one end leaving an irregular crack at 

 the point of exit. 



THE YOUNG LARVA. 



All the damage done by the codling moth is attributable to the 

 larva. The newly hatched larva is about one sixteenth of an inch 

 long, whitish in color, with the head, a shield just behind it and a 

 shield at the posterior end of the body, black. Later in life the 

 parts that were at first black become brownish. After a short 

 period of life on the surface of the apple the larva begins to bore 

 into the fruit. However, some larvae, perhaps many, eat from the 

 surface of the leaves before finding their way to an apple. Mr. 

 Simpson appears to be of the opinion that eating from the surface 

 of the leaves is a general habit of the young larvae but the truth 

 concerning this point, while of great importance has not been es- 



