Improvement of arable Land* 229 



of the Roots in two, and eafes the Draught 

 of the Plough. Ploughs, in general, are to be 

 great or fmall according to the Depth and 

 Strength of the Soil you plough, as has been 

 already obferv'd, and as the Earth is wet or 

 dry 3 on which Account every Farmer ought 

 to have fe vera I Sorts of Ploughs. Care is to 

 be taken in the making of Ploughs, to have 

 them go true to the Pitch they are fet, and 

 keep to the Line they are in, without fwerv- 

 ing to the Right or Left, which depends very 

 much upon the exact Formation of the Iron 

 Work. A fliort Plough, or a Plough with 

 a broad Breech, cannot go fo eafy after 

 Cattle as a long narrow one, and the latter 

 may be made to turn a Ridge equal to the 

 former. 



Having now given you a Defcription of the 

 various Kinds of Ploughs, I proceed to Plough- 

 ing ^ but firft I (hail fet forth the particular 

 Bufinefs of a Ploughman. A Ploughman^ 

 or Carter, ought perfedly to underftand Cat- 

 tle, the Goodnefs of Corn, and the Nature 

 and Quality of all Sorts of Ground, to which 

 he is to have a juft Regard, the Seafons of the 

 Year, and the Cuftoms and Ufages of the 

 Place where he refides : He ought to confi- 

 der well how to lay and difpofe of his Fur* 

 rows, of what Depth he fhould plough them, 

 and by what Means he may be able to raife 

 the greateft Share of Mould, all which his 

 own Experience will beft teach him : He is 

 to chufe aqd order his Cattle for the Diverfity 



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