178 NOTES 



check. An exposure of the king to a direct attack. If the king 

 cannot be protected, he is "checkmated"; as long as he is exposed 

 he is "in check." 



41. Retzsch, Moritz, 1779-1857. A German etcher and painter. 



42. extras. An expression borrowed from the boarding-schools, 

 where it designates subjects taken in addition to the regular course, 

 and charged for accordingly. 



accomplishments. Attainments, especially such as belong to 

 cultivated or fashionable society. 



Test-Act. An English statute, passed 1673, repealed 1828. Under 

 it no one could hold office without conforming to requirements, both 

 civil and religious, imposed by Parliament. — Cf. Century Dic- 

 tionary. 



" Poll." College slang in use at Cambridge University, England. 

 One who merely takes a degree, but receives no honors. The word 

 is used in both singular and plural. It comes from the Greek hoi 

 polloi, meaning the multitude. 



pluck. To reject, after a university examination, a student who 

 fails to come up to the required standard. College slang. 



43. Her (Nature's) bill. An allusion to the acts of Parliament 

 mentioned page 39. 



that man . . . education. This famous definition of a liberally 

 educated man has been very widely quoted. 



ascetic. One who retires from the customary business of life 

 and engages in pious exercises, being unduly strict and rigid in all 

 his observances and thereby stunting body and mind. 



44. to come to heel. To follow closely at the heel; to obey im- 

 plicitly. An expression used by dog-trainers. 



A quantity of dogmatic theology. England has a state church, 

 and, down to the time of Huxley's death, church influence on educa- 

 tion was strong. In the last few years, however, this condition has 

 been changing. 



law of inverse squares. An important physical law which states 

 that the attraction between two bodies is inversely proportional to 

 the squares of their distances asunder. This law was stated first 

 by Isaac Newton (see p. 21). Its discovery and proof was a very 

 great intellectual triumph. 



45. The hundred. A division of a county in England. It corre- 

 sponds roughly to the township in some of our states and to the 

 town in New England. 



Falstaff's bill. Of a large bill due an innkeeper, fully three- 

 fourths was due for a light wine called sack, and only a halfpenny 

 for bread. Cf. King Henry IV, part I, act II, scene v. 



conic sections. A branch of geometry in which a study is made 



