THE IMPROVED ART OF FARRIERY. 361 



a regular and proper mariner, and the fully providing 

 of different substances for use, as litter in the houses 

 and yards ; suitable directions for each of which are 

 given below, under their proper heads. 



Proper Buildings, Yards, and other Conve- 

 niences FOR THIS Purpose. 



As much in what respects the economy of labour in 

 foddering and supplying the cattle with different 

 matters, and in the forming and preparing the manure 

 in the best and most extensive manner in this prac- 

 tice, depends on the buildings and yards which are 

 made use of in the business ; it is necessary that they 

 should be properly and suitably formed, and have all 

 the conveniences and advantages possible in their 

 plans and arrangements. Above all, it is essential to 

 have well and suitably-formed open or close shed 

 buildings, with properly sized divisions in them for 

 tying up and containing the animals while eating their 

 food ; proper racks, cribs, and boxes, being fixed in 

 them for the purpose. The yards should be imme- 

 diately connected with them, and so designed as that a 

 large portion of them may be laid over with littering 

 matters, having proper floors for the purpose ; and 

 the other parts should gently shelve or incline to a 

 watering pond or place. By such means and con- 

 trivances, every facility and advantage may be gained 

 in conducting and carrying on such business. 



Some persons, however, to save the expense of time 

 and labour in clearing and removing the dirt and filth 

 caused by this method, leave the cattle w^holly loose in 

 the yards, so as to eat their food from racks or cribs 

 without any shed, the bottom of such yards being pre- 



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