50 THE NEW BIOLOGY 



Wotton methodised the zoology of Aristotle, and drew 

 up the first formal classification of animals. His book 

 is sagacious and careful, but dry. It was little read, 

 and exerted no appreciable influence upon the progress 

 of zoology. 



Adam Lonicer (1528-1586), a physician and botanist 

 of Frankfort, published a Naturalis Historice Opus 

 Novum (2 vols. Fol. Francofurti. 1551), the largest 

 and best part of which is botanical. This work is more 

 remarkable for its longevity than for its quality; it was 

 continually re-edited, and only disappeared from the 

 book-market in the eighteenth century. 



Ulysses Aldrovandi of Bologna (1522-1605) was, like 

 so many other early naturalists, a physician and botanist. 

 At first he pursued many different branches of study, 

 but by the advice of Kondelet selected zoology and 

 botany as his own special province. Aldrovandi was 

 director of the botanic garden of Bologna, which he had 

 largely helped to found. He was also a diligent col- 

 lector, and bequeathed a museum to his native city. 

 In old age he began to publish an extensive treatise on 

 animals, which was to form part of a still wider scheme.^ 



John Jonston (1603-1675) was a weak successor to 

 Aldrovandi, from whom he borrowed largely. His 

 illustrated works enjoyed a great reputation, being 

 republished or translated many times. Jonston was of 

 Scotch descent, though born in Poland; he studied both 

 at Thorn and St. Andrews. To explain how this came 

 about would require a historical discussion, in which the 

 Wyclifites, Hussites and Moravians would all find a 

 place. 



1 Only the birds (Fol. Bononise. 1599-1603) and the insects (1602) appeared 

 during Aldrovandi's lifetime. The quadrupeds, viviparous and oviparous, the 

 serpents and dragons, the fishes and whales, the bloodless animals and the 

 Dendrologia were edited and published posthumously (Fol. Bononiae. 1606-7). 



