CELTIC SYSTEM IN ENGLAND 219 



These circumstances scarcely accord with midland arrangements. 

 No more do the names and the allotment of acres in another 

 thirteenth-century terrier, dated 30 Henry III.^ Of the twelve 

 acres which, according to this, accompanied a toft and were 

 subtracted from four bovates at Billingworth, 4I are referred to 

 East field; but the assignment of 2 1 to a field called Hypelawe 

 and of 5 J to a field called Horchestres-and-Bereacres destroys 

 the symmetry of any three-field arrangement, quite apart from 

 the fact that the names are unusual. 



Three early charters hint at two-field usages but without giv- 

 ing definite assurance. At Whittonstall six acres were in the 

 thirteenth century described as " duas in tofto et crofto . . ., et 

 in campo apud orientem iuxta spinam dimidiam acram, et iuxta 

 viam . . . dimidiam acram, et in campo versus occidentem 

 iii acras." - A division which thus gives to the East field one 

 acre and to the West field three acres is corrected in a Cramling- 

 ton grant of the twelfth century, according to v/hich thirty acres 

 were so situated that there were " xv in una parte villae et xv 

 in alia"; ^ still, these vague locaUties are not fields. An early 

 grant which does locate its dales in two fields transfers 14! acres 

 at Leighton, describing them as follows: — 



" In campo occidentali totas illas duas mikel dales et totas 

 illas duas fair dales, quas Syuuardus et Robertus filii Stephani 

 tenuerunt, cum to to prato in transverso marisci 

 et totam Thirndale Roberti cum prato 

 et totam Halledale Syuuardi cum prato 

 et in campo orientali totas illas duas Horthawedales 

 quas praedicti homines tenuerunt 

 et ii dales totas in Prestesflat quas Thomas de Clenil 

 tenuit. . . . " " 



1 " Quatuor acras et unam rodam que iacent in campo qui vocatur Estfeld . . . 

 duas acras et dimidiam que iacent in campo qui vocatur Hypelawe . . . quinque 

 acras et unam rodam que iacent in campo qui vocatur Horchestres et Bereacres " 

 (Ped. Fin., 180-5-113). 



^ History of Northumberlatid, vi. 182, n. 3. 



' Ibid., ii. 226 n. 



^ [J. T. Fowler], Chartularium Abbathiae de Novo Monasterio (Surtees Soc, 

 1878), p. 85. 



