CELTIC SYSTEM IN ENGLAND 233 



or five large parcels of the outfield or waste, each of which had 

 been divided with precision among them and thenceforth appeared 

 in the surveys, sometimes as pasture, sometimes as arable. Such 

 a description, of course, appHes rather well to certain furlongs 

 of a Northumberland township, but even more accurately to the 

 Scottish " folds " or " faughs," those divisions of the outfield 

 which were brought under crops for a number of years and then 

 allowed to revert to pasture for a corresponding period of time. 

 It should be added that both Soulby and Fingland were small 

 townships, each containing less than two hundred acres and each 

 having not more than ten tenants. 



A field situation not unlike that perceptible in these townships 

 is described in a somewhat confused Ehzabethan survey of 

 Lazonby.^ Besides noting the acre or two adjacent to each 

 tenement, it recounts a large number of field names — more than 

 fifty. Since half of them are mentioned in connection with only 

 one tenement apiece and are appKed to but small areas, they 

 must have referred to parcels of land in the possession of single 

 tenants. Fifteen other field names recur two or three times, 

 and in these areas, which seldom contained so many as five 

 acres, two or three tenants shared. In the following field divi- 

 sions a greater number of tenants had parcels : — 



Field Name Number of Tenants Total Area in Acres 



Outelayerclose 27 87 



Le Holme 13 15 + 10 (enclosed) 



Le Holmebushes 16 2 



Redmore (arable) 19 I7f 



Hailing (meadow) 13 13! 



Le Linge 9 15! 



Keld head (meadow) 8 8f 



Kelderdales (meadow) 4 55 



Galloberg 5 9I 



In these larger areas the shares of the tenants inclined to be more 

 or less equal. Holdings in Le Holmebushes were usually | of 

 an acre, in Outelayerclose 2\ or 5 acres, in Hailing and in Red- 

 more f of an acre, in Gallowberg i^ acres, and in Le Linge 

 2 acres. The equahty of partition and the character of the names 



1 Land Rev., M. B. 212, ff. 1-7. 



