294 ENGLISH FIELD SYSTEMS 



Adam Mogge. and Robert " lilius Alain Mogge." This is an elab- 

 orate process of sub-letting, both tenants and sub-tenants being 

 many. In the fifteenth-century survey only one group of ten- 

 ants, presumably the old sub-tenant group, is referred to. 



The significant feature of the rental, however, is the similarity 

 between the names of the iuga and the names of the tenants (not 

 sub-tenants). The tenant of the iugum East Chilton is WilUam 

 de Chiltone. Similarly, " Hamo pistor tenet iugum de Wyther- 

 stone pro Gilbert© de Wytherstone," and " Thomas de Brones- 

 ford tenet iugum quod vocatur Aula de Bronesford." The 

 one-and-one-half iugum Cukelescumbe is held by several sub- 

 tenants for a group composed of Walter de Cukelescumbe, the 

 heirs of Hugo de Cukelescumbe, and the heirs of " Radulfus 

 molendinarius et socii." Thus, so far as names are concerned, 

 the tenants of the iuga stand at times in intimate relations with 

 the iuga themselves. With the sub-tenants' names, naturally, 

 such is not the case. In the later Wye survey, too, where we are 

 dealing only with actual holders, who correspond to the former 

 sub-tenants, little similarity between surnames and the names of 

 iuga is to be expected; and, indeed, the matter of nomenclature 

 is there of little importance. 



The identity between surnames of immediate tenants and 

 names of iuga in the rental of Edward II has noteworthy impli- 

 cations. It might seem that the tenant at times got his name 

 from the iugum rather than the iugum from the tenant. Hugo 

 de Cukelescumbe, Walter de Chilcheborne, Gilbert de Wither- 

 stone, William de Chiltone, are tenants of the iuga whose names 

 they bear. Yet even in these instances it is probable that the 

 personal name was originally derived from some place-name 

 older than that of a iugum at Wye. On the other hand, there 

 can be no doubt that several of the names of the Wye iuga were 

 derived from personal names, and in one instance we can see 

 this happening. Two sub-tenants confer their names upon the 

 iuga which they hold. In the rental Gilbert Dod and Simon 

 Dod held the iugum of East Chilton for William de Chiltone; in 

 the survey this iugum appears as one of the " duo iuga de Doddes 

 que vocantur Ceroid et East Chilton." Other iuga in both rental 



