300 ENGLISH FIELD SYSTEMS 



rendering yearly 20 s. " de mala " and i\ d. the acre " de gablo." ^ 

 At Adisham there was a tendency to use the term generally — to 

 speak, for example, of 36 acres " de Swylenglonde " in Pedding 

 (a held name) held by six tenants.- Certain manors of St. 

 Augustine's were in the thirteenth century divided into sulungs. 

 At Chislet, " Hec sunt consuetudines . . . scil. de quinque su- 

 linges et dimidia "; and a Littlebourn rental begins, " Apud 

 Sircham habetur dimidia sullung de c acris et debet de qualibet 

 acra i d. de gablo." ^ 



Alongside these definite units, the sulung, the dola, the iugum, 

 and the quarter-iugum called virgata or ferthing, there is one 

 less definite, the " tenementum." It appears in the Wye survey. 

 Following the hst of iuga are many tenementa, each containing 

 from 60 to 70 acres, each paying a considerable rent (e. g., 155. 

 9 d. from 7of acres) and doing ploughing, reaping, and mowing 

 services much as did the iuga. Iuga and virgatae sometimes 

 appear among them, and like the iuga they comprised parcels 

 held by ditTerent men. It seems natural to infer that this second 

 part of the rental describes lands improved or assessed more re- 

 cently than were the old iuga, and at a time when there was a 

 tendency to abandon the ancient term for a new one. This 

 conjecture is strengthened by a fourteenth-century custumal of 

 Eastry,^ which is detailed enough in its field names to admit of 

 comparison with the earlier one of the thirteenth century. ^ In 

 the later roll the term sulung, the basis of assessment in the first, 

 does not appear, and the same lands are grouped under new and 

 smaller units called tenementa, for each of which there are many 

 tenants. In Eastry the sulung seems to have broken directly 

 into tenementa without reference to iuga ; in Wye the tenements 

 took their places beside the iuga. 



One other unit, more distinctively Kentish, should be noticed. 

 This is the "day's work," often abbreviated to "day" or "dai." 

 In the survey of Wye nearly all parcels are given in acres, roods, 



' MSS. of the Dean and Chapter of Christchurch, Canterbury, Reg. St. Augus- 

 tine's E xix. f. \b. 



2 Ibid., f. 2\h. ' Cott. MS., Faust. A I, ff. 56, 120. 



* MSS. of the Dean and Chapter of Christchurch, Canterbury, Roll E, 188. 



^ Cf. above, p. 299. 



