70 One Thousand Questions in Agriculture 



stem of the English walnut, and the present disposition toward 

 higher grafting or budding seems therefore justified and desirable. 



Grafting and Budding the Mulberry. 



What is the most approved manner of grafting mulberry trees f Am 

 told that they are very difficult to successfully graft. 



Most propagators find the mulberry difficult by ordinary top 

 and cleft grafting methods. A flute or ring graft or bud does well 

 on small seedlings — that is, removing a ring or cylinder of the bark 

 from the stock and putting in its place a cylinder from the variety 

 desired, cut to fit accurately. For large trees this would have to 

 be done on young shoots forced out by cutting back the main 

 branches, but when this is done ordinary shield budding in these 

 new shoots would give good results. Cut back the trees now and 

 bud in the new shoots in July or August. 



Hardiness of Hybrid Berries. 



How much cold zvill Phenomenal, Himalaya and Mammoth blackberries 

 stand in zvinterF Is it safe to plant where the temperature goes below 

 32 degrees f 



These berries are hardy to zero at least, for they are grown in 

 northern parts of this coast where they get such a touch once in a 

 while. They have also endured low temperatures in the central 

 continental plateau States and eastward. Whether they can endure 

 the lowest temperatures of the winter-killing regions of the northern 

 border cannot be determined in California, for we do not have the 

 conditions for such tests. The berries are very hardy while dor- 

 mant, and probably their value in colder regions would depend rather 

 more upon their disposition to remain dormant than upon what they 

 can endure when in that condition. 



Pruning Himalayas. 



Shall the old wood be cut away in pruning Himalayas? 



All the old wood which has borne fruit should be cut out in the 

 fall and new shoots reduced to three or four from each root, and 

 these three or four shoots should be shortened to a length of ten 

 or twelve feet and be trained to a trellis or fence, or some other 

 suitable support. Vines which are allowed to grow riotously as they 

 will, are apt to be deficient in fruit bearing. 



Strawberries with Perfect Flowers. 



Has Longworth Prolific an imperfect bloom? I have Longworths in 

 hearing which apparently are perfect. Is there another strain of Long- 

 worth that are not self-fertilising? 



The Longworth Prolific strawberry has both staminate and pis- 

 tillate elements. Possibly some other variety, because of its resem- 



