246 One Thousand Questions in Agriculture 



appear in March. A second application is advised from the 1st to 

 the 10th of May. A third application should be made from the 1st 

 to the 10th of June. Prune trees should be treated as soon as the 

 spider appears. In the Sacramento valley this usually occurs about 

 the first week of July. Full-grown trees require about a pound of 

 sulphur which should be thoroughly distributed throughout the 

 foliage. The old method of throwing a handful of sulphur in the 

 branches of the tree or on the ground under the tree is valueless. 

 The use of a blower is economical in large orchards, but a can with 

 perforated bottom is frequently used on young trees or small orchards 

 with good results. In normal seasons the spider is easily contolled 

 by dry sulphuring. When the pest does not yield to this treatment, 

 a spray is recommended. 



Liquid Spray for Red Spider. 



Is there any liquid spray I can use in my spraying that zvill kill the 

 red spider without injuring the foliage of the almond? 



A liquid spray for red spider is made by taking sulphur 30 pounds; 

 lime (reduced to milk form by water), 15 pounds; water, 200 gallons; 

 or use commercial lime-sulphur, 4 or 5 gallons to 200 gallons of 

 water. These sprays can be applied v/ithout injuring the foliage. 

 They are more expensive in labor cost than dry sulphuring, but are 

 more effective. 



Apple-Leaf Aphis. 



/ am sending herewith a small f'icce from one of my young apple 

 trees. If you can, will you kindly tell me what the insects are on it, 

 and what I had better do for them? 



The apple twig which you send is infested with the eggs of the 

 leaf aphis or leaf louse. These eggs are very difficult to kill. A good 

 thorough spraying with lime-sulphur might, however, get rid of many 

 of them and would be good for the trees otherwise — diluting according 

 to condition of tree growth. The chief campaign against the leaf aphis, 

 however, must be made early in the growing season, just as these pests 

 are beginning to hatch out and to accumulate under the laves of the 

 new growth. They should then be attacked with properly made kerosene 

 emulsion or tobacco extract with a nozzle suited to land the spray on 

 the under side of the leaves. Unless these pests are attacked early in 

 the season and repeated if necessary, your apples on bearing trees v/ill 

 be ruined so far as they attack them, being small, misshaped and worth- 

 less. On young trees the destruction of the foliage is fatal to good 

 growth. 



Woolly Aphis. 



Will you kindly inform me what you consider the best treatment 

 for apple trees affected by woolly aphis? 



The best way to kill the woolly aphis on the roots is to remove 

 the earth from around the tree to a distance of one or two feet, accord- 

 ing to the size of the tree, digging away a few inches of the surface soil, 

 Then soak the soil around the tree with kerosene emulsion, properly 



