TRUE VOLCANOES. 353 



Corea, or Korai (which, in the parallels of 34° and 34i°, is 

 almost united with Kiusiu by the islands Tsu sima and Iki), 

 notwithstanding its great similarity in form to the peninsula 

 of Kamtsehatka, no volcanoes have hitherto been discovered. 

 The volcanic action seems to be confined to the adjoining 

 islands. Thus, in the year 1007, the island volcano of Tsin- 

 mura, called by the Chinese Tanlo, rose from the sea. A 

 learned Chinese, named Tien-kong-chi, w r as sent to describe 

 the phenomenon and to execute a picture of it.* But it is 

 especially on the island of Se-he-sure (the Quelpaerts of the 

 Dutch) that the mountains exhibit every where a volcanic 

 conical form. The central mountain rises, according to 

 Broughton and La Perouse, to the height of G395 feet. How 

 many volcanic effects may there not yet remain to be discov- 

 ered in the Western Archipelago, where the King of the Co- 

 reans styles himself the Sovereign of 10,000 islands! 



From the Pic Horner (Kaimon ga take), on the west side 

 of the southern extremity of the Kiusiu, in the Japanese tri- 

 insular empire, there stretches out, in a curve which lies open 

 toward the west, a small range of volcanic islands, comprising 

 first, between the Van Diemen and Colnet Straits, the Ja- 

 kuno sima and the Tanega sima ; second, south of the Strait 

 of Colnet, in the Linschoten group! °f Siebold (the Archipel 

 Cecile of Captain Gueiin), which extends as far as the paral- 

 lel of 29°, the island of Suvase sima, the volcano island of 

 Captain Belcher (lat. 29° 39', and long. 129° 41'), rising, 

 according to De la Roche Poncie, to a height of 2800 feet 

 (855 met.) ; third, Basil Hall's sulphur island, the Tori-sima, 

 or Bird Island of the Japanese, the Lung-hoang-shan of Pere 

 Gaubil, in lat. 27° 51', and long. 128° 14', as fixed by Cap- 

 tain De la Roche Poncie in 1848. As this island is also 

 called Iwosima, care must be taken not to confound it with 

 its more northerly namesake in Van Diemen's Straits. It 

 has been admirably described by Captain Basil Hall. Be- 

 tween the parallel of 26° and 27° of latitude comes in suc- 

 cession the Lieu-thieu, or Loo-choo Islands, as the natives 

 call them, of which Klaproth published a separate map in 

 1824, and more to the southwest the small Archipelago of 

 Majicosima, which approaches the great island of Formosa, 

 and is considered by me to be the closing point of the eastern 



* Compare the translations of Stanislaus Julien from the Japanese 

 Encyclopedia, in my Asie Cenlrale, t. ii., p. 551. 



f Compare Kaart van den Zuid-en Zuidioest-Kust van Japan door P. 

 von Siebold, 1851. 



