394 cosmos. 



VI. South Asiatic Islands (p. 281-391, 354-358) 120 (56) 



VII. Indian Ocean (p. 358-363, and note * at p. 361, 362) 9 (5) 

 VIII. South Sea (p. 363-376; 361, note f; 365, note *; 



366, note * 40 (26) 



IX. America — Continental 115 (53) 



(1) South America 56 (26) 



(a) Chili (p. 270, note || at p. 272-274) 24 (13) 



(6) Peru and Bolivia (p. 270-275, note § at 



p. 270-272) H (3) 



(c) Quito and New Granada (p. 270, note £). 18 (10) 



(2) Central America (p. 245, 255-264, 270, 309, 



note t at p. 257, notes * and f at p. 263).... 29 (18) 



(3) Mexico, south of the Rio Gila (p. 264, 266, 



270, 291-309, note at 293-5, notes at p. 297, 

 298, 302, 303; 376-401, note % at p. 376, and 

 notes on p. 377-82) 6 (4) 



(4) Northwestern America, north of the Gila (p. 



383-392) 24 (5) 



The Antilles* 5 (3) 



Total 407 (225) 



* In the Antilles the volcanic activity is confined to what are called 

 the " Little Antilles," three or four still active volcanoes having broken 

 out on a somewhat curvilinear fissure running from south to north, 

 nearly parallel to the volcanic fissure of Central America. In the 

 course of the considerations induced by the simultaneousness of the 

 earthquakes in the valleys of the rivers Ohio, Mississippi, and Arkan- 

 sas, with those of the Orinoco, and of the shore of Venezuela, I have 

 already described the little sea of the Antilles, in its connection with 

 the Gulf of Mexico and the great plain of Louisiana, between the Al- 

 leghanies and the Rocky Mountains, on geognostic views, as a single 

 ancient basin {Voyage aux Regions Equinoxiaies, t. ii., p. 5 and 19 ; see 

 also above, p. 10). This basin is intersected in its centre, between 18° 

 and 22° lat., by a Plutonic mountain range from Cape Catoche, of the 

 peninsula of Yucatan, to Tortola and Virgen gorda. Cuba, Hayti, 

 and Porto Rico form a range running from west to east, parallel with 

 the granite and gneiss chain of Caraccas. On the other hand, the 

 Little Antilles, which are for the most part volcanic, unite together 

 the Plutonic chain just alluded to (that of the Great Antilles) and that 

 of the shore of Venezuela, closing the southern portion of the basin 

 on the east. The still active volcanoes of the Little Antilles lie be- 

 tween the parallels of 13° to 16^°, in the following order, reckoning 

 from south to north : 



The volcano of the island of St. Vincent, stated sometimes at 3197 

 and sometimes at 5052 feet high. Since the eruption of 1718 all re- 

 mained quiet, until an immense ejection of lava took place on the 27th 

 of April, 1812. The first commotions commenced as early as May, 

 1811, near the crater, three months after the island of Sabrina, in the 

 Azores, had risen from the sea. They began faintly in the mountain 

 valley of Caraccas, 3496 feet above the surface of the sea, in Decem- 

 ber of the same year. The complete destruction of the great city took 

 place on the 26th of March, 1812. As the earthquake which destroyed 

 Cumana, on the 14th of December, 1796, was with justice ascribed 

 to the eruption of the volcano of Guadaloupe (the end of September, 



