454 



INDEX. 



pearance of, as described by Horsburgh, 

 359. 



Basalt-like columns of Pisoje, 426. 



Beaufort, Admiral, the Chiinsera described 

 by, 244. 



Beauvais, Vincent of, on the magnetic 

 needle, 54. 



Belcher, Sir E., magnetic observations by, 

 111. 



Bell-shaped volcanic mountains, 218. 



Berg, Albert, his description of the burn- 

 ing spring Chimpera, 244. 



Berlin, aurora observed at, by Humboldt, 

 153. 



Bessel, determination of the size and fig- 

 ure of the earth, IS, 29. 



Biot, pendulum measurements by, 26. 



Bolivia. See Peru. 



Borda, his services in equipping the expe- 

 dition of La Perouse, 62. 



Borneo, the Giava Maggiore of Marco Polo, 

 355; doubtful -whether volcanoes exist 

 there, 355; groat number of volcanoes 

 in its vicinity, 355. 



Bo-shan, eruption of the volcano, 409. 



Bouguer's experiments on the deviation of 

 the plummet, 33; on the pumice-quar- 

 ries of Lactacunga, 322. 



Bourbon, volcanoes of the isle of, 359. 



Boussingault's method of determining the 

 mean temperature, 42 ; on the cause of 

 earthquakes, 164; on the matters eject- 

 ed from volcanoes, 315 ; on gases, 413. 



Bove, Val del, on iEtna, 215, 230. 



Bramidos de Guanaxuato, 1T2. 



Bravais on Artesian wells, 40; on the 

 black segment of the aurora, 148. 



Brisbane, Sir Thomas, his observatory at 

 Makerston, 120. 



British isles, volcanic phenomena in the, 

 329, 450. 



Bromo, a volcano in Java, its crater-lake, 

 2S5. 



Brooke, Rajah, on the volcanic appear- 

 ances in Borneo, 356. 



Brooks of cold water said to be converted 

 into thermal springs, 296. 



Brown, Mount, a volcano, 390. 



Buch, Leopold von, his work on basaltic 

 islands and craters of elevation, 216; 

 on the erupted matters of Vesuvius, 224 ; 

 on the trachytes of ..Etna, 437. 



Buddhist fancy as to the cause of earth- 

 quakes, 170. 



Bunsen on fumaroles, 396. 



Burkart, his visit to Jorullo, 300. 



Calabria, earthquake in, in 1783, 166. 

 Calamatico, el, an ancient name for the 



magnetic pole, 57. 

 Calbuco, Volcan de, 274. 

 Caldron-like depressions of volcanoes, 



221. 

 California, list of the volcanoes of, 389. 

 Callaqui, volcano of, 274. 

 Canary Islands, eruptions in the, 445. 

 Capac-Urcu, an extinct volcano, 267. 

 Cape of Good Hope, magnetic observations 



^ at, 111. 

 Carbonic acid gas, considerations on, 413. 

 Carbonic acid gas, jets of, 193. 



Cascade mountain range, in California, 388. 



Castillo, Fray Bias del, explores the crater 

 of Masaya, 247. 



Catalans, advanced state of navigation 

 among the, 54, 55. 



Caucasus, volcanic phenomena of the, 199 ; 

 a continuation of the Thian-schan, 338 ; 

 its extinct volcanoes, 338. 



Cavanilles, his account of the earthquake 

 of Riobamba, 166. 



Celebes, volcanoes of, 357. 



Central America, linear volcanoes of, 255, 

 25S ; number of volcanoes in, 259 ; rec- 

 ommended for farther examination, 263. 



Chacani or Charcani, volcano of, 270. 



Chahorra, the crater of, on the Peak of 

 Teneriffe, 249. 



Chatham Island, its position, 376. 



Chili, group of volcanoes in, 272; their 

 greatest elevation, where attained, 2S0. 



Chilian, Volcan de, 273. 



Chiloe, submarine volcano near, 272. 



Chimsera, in Lycia, not a volcano, but a 

 perpetual burning spring, 203, 244 ; an- 

 alogous phenomenon in the Kuen-liin, 

 409. 



Chimborazo, majestic dome, form of, 419; 

 ascent of, 432; considerations on the 

 height of the mountain, 432. 



Chimboi'azo rock, Eammelsberg's analysis 

 of, 430; Abich's, 431; remarks on the 

 differences between them, 432. 



Chiflal, volcano of, 274. 



Chinese, early acquainted with the polari- 

 ty of the magnet, 52; rope-boring, 209; 

 early maps of the, 405. 



Chuapri, volcano of, 272. 



Cinders, cones of, wanting in several vol- 

 canoes which once emitted lava streams, 

 449 ; thickness of the layers of, on San- 

 gay, 251. 



Circumvallations, volcanic, 220; that of 

 Oisans, in France, its great extent, 220 ; 

 of Mont Blanc, 220. 



Coal strata, 413. 



Coan, the missionary, on the basin of Kil- 

 auea, 363. 



Coast Range mountains, in California, old 

 volcanic rocks of the, 389. 



Cofre de Perote, Humboldt's ascent of, 307. 



Columbus determines astronomically a line 

 of no variation, 55; notice of an eruption 

 on Teneriffe, by, 445. 



Comangillas, Aguas de, a hot spring, 189. 



Commotion, waves of, in earthquakes, 165; 

 theory of, 166; attempts to explain the 

 rotatoiy shocks experienced in Calabria, 

 166. 



Commotions of the earth in earthquakes 

 often confined within narrow limits, 175. 



Comoro Islands, burning volcano in the, 

 360. 



Compass. See Mariner's Compass. 



Compression, polar, 32. 



Conchagua, a volcano, 261. 



Conical volcanic mountains, 228. 



Conseguina, eruption of, 260. 



Copiapo, destruction of the town of, 272. 



Coquimbo, volcano of, 272. 



Coral islands, number of, in the Pacific, 

 according to Dana, 365. 



