144 DICTIONARY OF POPULAR NAMES CUCUMBER 



but to obtain early and fine fruit it is grown in heated frames. 

 There are many varieties, some producing fruits of great length. 

 Ghirkins are simply Cucumbers gathered in a young state, and 

 form a well-known pickle. The principal ingredient in the 

 West India Pickles is the fruit of C. angiiria. 



Cucumber Tree. {See, Magnolia.) 



Cudbear {Lecanora tartar ea), a crustaceous lichen growing 

 abundantly on stones, rocks, walls, and on dry ground; early 

 employed in Scotland and "Wales for dyeing woollen cloth. Its 

 name Cudbear is a corruption of the Christian name of Dr. 

 Cuthbert Gordon, who was the first person to bring it into 

 extensive use, and who took out a patent for a new process of 

 preparing it. In the North of Scotland it is scraped off the 

 rocks and sent to Glasgow market, but the quantity collected 

 in the whole of Britain is small compared with the demand; 

 a considerable quantity comes from other countries, Sweden 

 alone supplying 150 tons annually. This dye, however, like that 

 of Archil, is now being superseded by the aniline dyes made from 

 coal-tar. 



Another crustaceous lichen used as a dye is Parmelia 

 parietina, its colour varying from yellow to red. It grows 

 abundantly on brick and stone walls. 



Cujumary Bean. (See Nutmeg.) 



Culcit (Balantium culcita), a fern of the tribe Dicksonise ; 

 the fronds are decompound, 3 to 4 feet high, produced from a 

 decumbent progressing caudex, which is densely covered with 

 long, brown, silky hairs, which are used by the people of Madeira 

 and Azores (where it is a native) for stuffing cushions and the 

 like. 



Cuma. (See Cow Tree.) 



Cummin (Ciiminum Cyminiirn), an annual of the Carrot 

 family (Umbelliferse), with fennel-like leaves, and seeds like the 

 celery, having an aromatic but somewhat bitter flavour. It 

 appears to have been early cultivated in Palestine, as it is 

 mentioned in Isaiah as well as in the New Testament. 



Cundurango, a name in New Grenada for Gonolobus con- 



