318 DICTIONARY OF POPULAR NAMES PEPPER 



the same berry divested of its skin by rubbing and washing. 

 Beino" ground they form the well-known condiment Pepper. 

 It appears to have been early known, as it is mentioned by 

 Theophrastus, who flourished 300 years before the Christian era. 

 Long Pepper of the shops is the immature flower-spikes of Piper 

 loiigiim. In habit like the preceding, it is a native of India, 

 and is extensively cultivated, especially in Bengal. Long Pepper 

 s^Dikes possess the same stimulating property as Black Pepper. 

 Cubebs, the berries of Pijjcr officinarum, now called Cuheha 

 ojicinarum, is a native of Java, and its berries are also stimu- 

 lant. It is probable that the above Peppers are produced by 

 other species than those named, of which there is evidence, 

 especially as regards the plants that produce the Black Pepper 

 of Jamaica, Trinidad, and Ceylon ; examples have been grown 

 at Kew, each of which w^as sufficiently distinct in appearance 

 to warrant their being characterised as species. 



Pepper, African (Xylopia cethiopica), a shrub or small tree of 

 the Custard Apple family (Anonace?e), native of Western tropical 

 Africa ; its fruit consists of numerous carpels, about 2 inches in 

 length, which when dry separate, forming a bunch ; they are 

 aromatic, and used by the natives as a stimulant ; it is also 

 known by the name of Guinea Pepper, Negro Pepper, and 

 Piper mtliiopicum. 



Pepper, Bell. (See Capsicum.) 



Pepper, Bird. {See Capsicum.) 



Pepper Brand. {See Smut.) 



Pepper, Cayenne. {See Capsicum.) 



Pepper, Cherry. {See Capsicum.) 



Pepper, Chinese and Japan {Zantlioonjlum piperita), a bushy 

 shrub with small winded leaves of the Yellow-wood familv 

 (Zanthoxylaceai), native of China and Japan ; it has berries 

 about the size of black pepper, which are used as such in Japan. 

 It has been introduced into this country and has flowered, grow- 

 ing against a wall at Kew. 



Pepper, Jamaica. {See Allspice.) 



Pepper, Melegueta. {See Grains of Paradise.) 



