582 



THE LATERAL VIEW, OR CAMPER'S METHOD. 



species. Thus it will be found that the heads of birds display the small- 

 est angle, and that it always becomes of greater extent in proportion as 

 the animal approaches more nearly the human figure. Thus there is 

 one species of the ape tribe in which the head has a facial angle of forty- 

 two degrees ; in another, of the same family, which is one of those simige 

 most approximating in figure to mankind, the facial angle contains ex- 

 actly fifty degrees. Next to this is the head of the African negro, which, 

 as well as that of the Kalmuck, forms an angle of seventy degrees, while 

 the angle discovered in the heads of Europeans contains eighty degrees. 

 On this difference of ten degrees in the facial angle the superior beauty 

 of the European depends ; while that character of sublime beauty, which 

 is so striking in some works of ancient statuary, as in the head of Apollo 

 and in the Medusa of Sisocles, is given by an angle which amounts to 

 one hundred degrees." 



As illustrations of this view, the subjoined profiles of the skull of the 

 European, Fig. 282, the negro, Fig. 283, the chimpanzee, Fig. 284, and 



Fig. 282. Fig. 283. 



European. 



the orang, Fig. 285, are given. 



Fig. 284 



Negro. 



Of the latter, which, of apes, are among 



Fig. 285. 



Chimpanzee. 



those most closely approaching to man, 

 the chimpanzee is a native of tropical 

 Africa, and the orang of the Indian 

 Archipelago. 



2d. The vertical view, or Blumenbach's method, 



Orang, 



