REGULATION* FOR THE FAIR. 



All members of the Society, and all who may 

 become members at the time of the Fair, by the 

 payment of $1, will bo furnished with Badges, 

 • which will admit tlie person and his wife and 

 children under twenty-one years of age, to the 

 exhibition at all times during the Fair. Tickets 

 to admit a single person, 12^ cents. 



Members will be allowed to enter in carriages 

 with their families, but no hacks or other public 

 conveyances will be permitted to enter, except 

 when the iumates are members of the Society, 

 •without paying $1 for each enhance, and the 

 inmates, if not members, to furnish themselves 

 with tickeLi. 



Gentlemen may become members and obtain 

 Badges at the stagcofHce of J. Butterfiold & 

 Co., and at the bookstores of I. Tiffany. G. Tra- 

 cey, Bennett, Backus & Hawley, Gene.see-st., 

 Utica, or at the Business Office at the Show-Yard. 



All exhibitors at the Fair must become mem- 

 bers of the Society, and have their articles en- 

 tered at the Business Office before taking them 

 into the enclosure. 



All those who intend to compete for the Pre- 

 miums on Agricultural Implements, Butler and 

 Cheese, Sugar, Cocoons, Silk, &c., should have 

 their specimens on the ground on the 16tii, that 

 they may be deposited in their appropriate 

 places, and the rooms suitably arranged on the 

 day previous to the Fair. 



No premiums will be paid on animals or arti- 

 cles taken away before the close of the Fair. 



Every thing intended for the exhibition, must 

 be on the ground at or before 9 o'clock, on the 

 morning of Wednesday, the 17th. 



Animals and other articles offered for exhibi- 

 tion, must be labeled with the owner's name 

 and residence at full length. 



THE COMMITTEES TO AWARD PREMIUMS. 



Th.e several Committees to award Premiums, 

 are requested to report themselves at the Socie- 

 ty's room, at Uagg's Hotel, on Tuesday Evening, 

 the 16th. or at the Bu.siness Office on the show- 

 grounds previous to 10 o'clock on Wednesday 

 morning, the 16th, after which all vacancies will 

 be filled, and the Committees will enter upon 

 their duties at 12 o'clock. 



The Judges are requested to furnish their 

 av,'ards to tlic Recording Secretary by lv2 o'clock 

 on Thursday, that a list may be made out from 

 which the Treasurer can pay the prizes imme- 

 diately on the Reports being read from the stand. 



The Judges will not award the prizes offered, 

 unless in their opinion the animals or articles 

 exhibited are worthy of the Premiums. 



Prize animals and implements at the previous 

 exhibitions, will be allowed to compete for tlie 

 prizes ; but they must receive a higher prize, 

 or in a different class, to entitle them to a Pre- 

 mium. Should the same Premium heretofore 

 given them be awarded, they will receive a 

 Certilioate to that effect instead of die prize. 



No Viewing Committee, with the exception 

 of the Committee on Di-scretionary Premiums, 

 shall award any Discretionary Premium, with- 

 out the previous permission of the Executive 

 Board, expressed through their President. 



The Annual Address will be delivered, under 

 the large tent, at :i o'clock on Thursday after- 

 noon, by Hon. Josi ah QuiNcv, Jr., of Boston. 



Inimediiitely after tlie Address, the Reports 

 of the CominittiHs to award lh(! Premiums will 

 be read, and the Premiums paid at the Treasu- 

 rer's office. The Treasurer wiU also be in at- 



tendance at the Society's room, at Bagg's Ho- 

 tel, on Thursday evening and on Fridaj-, for the 

 purpose of paying Premiums. 



On Thursday afternoon the Premium animals 

 will be exhibited on the grounds, separate from 

 the others, with cards showing the Premium 

 awarded to each animal, so that the public may 

 have an oppoi'tunity of viewing the animals 

 which have been adjudged worthy of the Pre- 

 miums of the Society. 



Composition of Soils. — Now, through the 

 labors of Sprengel chiefly — not solely, lor he had 

 predecessors and contemporaries also, though 

 less laborious, and less clear and decided in 

 their opinions than himself — it has been estab- 

 lished regarding soils — 1. That they all contain 

 a certain pi-oportiou of organic, chiefly vegeta- 

 ble matter, which readily bums away when 

 they are heated to redness in the air. Tliis 

 combustible matter in peaty soils sometimes 

 amounts to .50 or 60 per cent, of the whole 

 weight ; while in clay soils, such as the white 

 undrained clays of Lanarkshire, less than one 

 per cent is present. 2. That in all naturally fer- 

 tile soils, the incombustible part contains a 

 notable quantity of each of 10 or 11 different 

 mmeral substances. 3. That soils in ^% hich one 

 or more of these substances is either wholly 

 wanting, or is not present in sufficient quantity, 

 will not produce good crops. 4. That to these 

 latter .soils what is ^\ anting may be artificially 

 added, and that thus their fertility may be in- 

 creased, restored, or maintained. 5. That some 

 of these substances, when present in excess in 

 the .soil, become noxious to the plant : and that, 

 to render such a soil productive, this excess 

 must be, in some way or other, removed. These 

 five propositions comprehend nearly all that is 

 of importance, in regard to the incombustible 

 part of the soil. Tliey are all fully and fre- 

 quently stated in the works of Sprengel. They 

 are illustrated and enforced in these of Liebig 

 and Johnston. It would interfere ^^-ith our 

 present purpose to dwell upon the combustible 

 or organic part of the soil. But, with the aid of 

 these propositions, tlie general doctrine of soils, 

 and the action of saline or mineral manures, be- 

 comes so far cleai* and simple. A soil, to be 

 fertile, must contain 10 or 11 known substances. 

 If any of these be altogether absent, you will 

 improve your soil by adding them to it ; if they 

 are present, the addition of them will do no 

 good. If salt, or gj-psum, for example, or the 

 ingredients of ^vood ashes, be wholly absent, 

 you will obtain large crops by adding these 

 substances largely to the soil ; if they are merely 

 deficient, a .smaller application will be of ser- 

 vice ; if they are already present in sufficient 

 quantity, any application of them to the soil will 

 be so much money thrown away. 



'[Edinburgh Kevicw, Jan. 1845. 



GuA.s'O. — Have any of your roiTpspondents, 

 in their experience with this, found it to have 

 any influence on the scent of flowers ? I have 

 used Potter's Liquid Guano about once a week, 

 to Pelargoniums and the more choice of the tea- 

 scented Ro.ics. The foliage and flowers have 

 been most luxuriant in their appearance , but 

 the fragrance of the rose seems, in some in- 

 stances, to have been changed even lo a most 

 unplea.saDt odor. Can that arist; from the use 

 of Guano ? [EnglUh paper. 



