implicitly tJie mouopoly of pea-nut — or "pean- 

 der" niuking, as it was vulgarly called. If any 

 one knew his process they diired not imitate it 

 — "Old Mawncy," as he was called and known 

 throughout the county, could barely contrive to 

 make himself understood in a sort of broken 

 English — which being engrafted on the African 

 tongue rather late in life, never grew well. — 

 Mawuey's great staple and support through life 

 %vas his pea-nut crop, with which he traveled 

 usually on Saturday's round the county, canying 

 his bag on his back and selling its precious con- 

 tents by the quart. Evei-y boy of that ilk lived 

 in awful respect of " Old Mawney," the more 

 because " he came from Guinea," and would 

 have as soon entered the cave of Polyphemus 

 as to have approached Mawney's hut alone — 

 with them, like Bethlehem Gabor, the misan- 

 thrope in the novel, he can'ied about him an at- 

 mosphere of mysterious potency for evil bej'oiul 

 which no urchin ever dared to penetrate. Gentle 

 reader ; excuse this episode into which school- 

 boy recollections have drawn us. \S^ho that has a 

 heart in his bosom is not liable to be sometimes 

 seized and run away with by such associations — 

 who 60 stedfast that is not sometimes carried 

 back in imagination so vividly as to believe him- 

 self with some chosen school-companion mount- 

 ing his rod and knotting his line, or watching to 

 bring down the men-y squiirel from the hickory- 

 nut tree, or tracking the poor rabbit to his form 

 in the snow ? Who would not join again and 

 forever remain among his school-companions? 



" Gay hope wa.s theirs, by fancy fed, 

 Lfjss pleasing when possessed ; 

 The tear forgot, as soon as shed, 

 The sunshine of the breast." 



Well, we dare say some readers would as 

 soon have us proceed with the ode as with the 

 essay. What we have said has been to show 

 how it is that we suppose all the vs-orld may not 

 know quite all about cheese-making ; and now 

 revenons a nos moutons. 



We have already show^n, from Hunt's Mer- 

 chants' Magazine, how the export of American 

 Cheese to England had increased from 14,000 

 pounds in 1842, to 53,000 in 1844, and there is 

 rea.son to believe that the export of 1845 will go 

 up to 100,000, and that without any alteration in 

 the British tariff to encourage it. But wno does 

 not know that the avenue to profit mu.st be ut- 

 terly inaccessible that is not penetrated by Yan- 

 kee enterpri.se ? See Willis' letter, in which 

 he speaks of Wenham, Massachusetts, ice being 

 hawked about the sti-eets of London in carts 

 nicely painted and labeled '-"Wenham IfE." — 

 How, but by such extraordinary- sagacity and 

 industry, could such a population be kept out of 

 debt and thriving, with a soil so rocky and a cli- 

 mate so cold ? 



The dairy produce is consolidated in the last 

 _ (2^1) 



census under that one head, no distinction being 

 made between butter and cheese anymore than 

 between horses and mules. The whole amount 

 is set down at the value of $3.3,787,008. Of tliis 

 amount much more than two-thirds is produced 

 East of the Chesapeake, including Pennsyl- 

 vania. 



This branch of Briti.sh agricultural industry is 

 protected by a duty of lOs. ^d. (say $2 62^) per 

 hundred on all Cheese imported from foreign 

 countries, and 2s. Gd. (or 62^ cents) on that which 

 is imported from British possessions. We dare 

 not take room here to go into the remarks which 

 the subject invites, ou the influence wiiich herb- 

 age and the treatment of the cows exercise on 

 the products of the dairy, but let the reader 

 have patience, all in good time for that, and 

 for practical dissertations on Chilton. Parmesan 

 and other kinds of Cheese. The best Es.say on 

 the making of the latter, from A. to Z. is from 

 the pen of Mr. Jefferson, being notes made by 

 him in a dairy in Parma, where he attended 

 closely, and took notes from moniing to night, 

 while he icas Minister of the U. S. to France. 



A DETAILED ACCOLTNT OF THE MAKING OF 

 CHE.SHIRE CIIEE.SE. By Henky White, Land 



Agent and Sur\'eyor, Warrington Prize Essay. 



It has sometimes been a matter of dispute 

 amongst Englishmen which particular county 

 or district is the most liimous for the making of 

 cheese. I think, if quantity is to be taken into 

 account as well as quality, tlie decision must be 

 in favor of Cheshire, as there cannot be less, 

 upon a moderate calculation, than 12,000 tons 

 made in that county anmnJly ; a considerable 

 portion of ^vhich is of excellent quality. 



There is reason for believing that cheese has 

 been made in Cheshire for at least 700 years :* 

 and, from allusions made to chee.se and to curd 

 in the Old Testament,! it is evident that an ar- 

 ticle of this nature must have been known and 

 used at a very early period. 



* "The fume of the cheeses of Cheshire is of very 

 ancient date : at lea^t as old as the reign of Hnnrj' I. 

 (A. D. 1100). The Countess Constance of Clic.«ter, 

 thoiigh the wife of Hugh Lupus, the king's tirat 

 cousin, kept a herd of kine, and made good cheeses, 

 three of which she presented to the Archbishop of 

 Canterbury. Giraldus Cambrensis bears honorable 

 testimony to the excellence of the Cheshire cheeses 

 of the day." (Bell's Wechly Messenger, Feb. 22, 1841.^ 

 " Poor men eat cheese for hunger, rich for digestion. 

 It seems that the ancient British had no skill in the 

 making thereof, till taught by the Romans, and now 

 the Romans may even learn of us more exactness 

 therein. The county of Chester doth aft'ord the best 

 for quantity and quality ; and yet their cows are not 

 (as in other shires) housed in the winter ; so that it 

 may seem strruige, that the hardiest kine should 

 yield the tenderest cheese. Some essayed in vain to 

 make the like in other places, though hence they 

 fetched both their kine and dairy -maids. It seems 

 they should have fetched their groiuid too (wherein 

 surely some ocult excellency in this kind), or else so 

 good cheese will not be made. I hear not the like 

 commendation of the butter in this county ; and pcr- 

 chimce those two commodities are like stars of a dif- 

 ferent horizon, so that the elevation of the one to emi- 

 nincy is the depression of the other." 



[Fuller's Worthies. 



1 1 Sam. xvii. 18 ; 2 Sam. XN-ii. 29 ; Job x. 10. 



