TREATISE ON MILCH COWS. 



The escutcheon is like that of the preceding order, with the difference that the 

 points A A are considerably lower down than the points D D. The two streaks 

 of ascending hair, on the right and left of the vulva, are longer by nearly an inch, 

 and also wider than in the Third Order ; and there is no oval mark above the 

 teats. 



Fifth Order. — These Cows yield, during the hight of their flow, ten litres 

 a day, and continue to give milk until they are three months gone with calf. 



The escutcheon is on a smaller scale than in the Fourth Order ; the points D 

 D are much nearer together — the distance between them being less than one 

 inch ; the list or selvage, as it rises toward the vulva, takes a turn to the left — 

 its width contracting very much — and runs up, past the lower extremity of the 

 vulva, to the point F. There is but one streak of ascending hair (F) on the right 

 of the vulva, six inches long by an inch and a half wide. 



Sixth Order. — These Cows yield, while at the hight of their flow, eight litres 

 a day, and continue to give milk until they are two months gone with calf. 



The escutcheon is yet more contracted than the one last described ; the selvage 

 is very narrow, and terminates in a point, about four inches from its base. There 

 are two streaks of ascending hair, to the right and left of the vulva, of about the 

 same size as the one in the fifth order ; that is to say, six inches long by one and 

 a half in width. 



Seventh Order. — These Cows yield, during the hight of their flow, six litres 

 a day, and continue to give milk until they are one month gone with calf. 



The escutcheon is still smaller than the last ; the selvage being now nothing 

 more than a small angular projection of upward growing hair, in the direction of 

 the vulva. There are two streaks of ascending hair (F F) on the right and left 

 of the vulva. The one on the left is nearly eight inches long by an inch and a 

 half wide ; and consists of coarse hair, which, in growing upward, deflects cross- 

 wise toward the outer part of the thigh. The one on the right is of the same 

 width, but only half as long as the other ; it consists of hair growing in the same 

 way. 



Eighth Order. — These Cows yield, during the hight of their flow, four litres 

 a day, and cease to give milk upon being got with calf. 



The escutcheon is exceedingly small ; the selvage is but a mere projecting 

 point ; there is but one streak at the side of the vulva, on the left ; which is form- 

 ed of a scanty growth of coarse hairs, bristling up and deflecting crosswise. 



The remark made above, in regard to the First Class, I will here repeat with 

 respect to the present and to the remaining six : all that is said of the different 

 orders of the high size, so far as regards their characteristic marks, holds good 

 of the same Orders in the other sizes, except as to the dimensions of the marks, 

 which are to be proportionally reduced. On the subject of the two lower sizes, 

 I shall therefore confine myself to the yield of milk, and the time during which 

 the Cow continues to give milk after conceiving anew. 



COW OF MEDIUM HIGHT. 



First Order. — These Cows yield, during the hight of their flow, fourteen 

 litres a day, and continue to give milk until eight months gone with calf. 



Second Order. — These Cows yield thirteen litres a day, and continue to give 

 milk until six and a half months gone with calf. 



Third Order. — These Cows yield eleven litres a day, and continue to give 



milk until five months gone with calf. 



(910) 



